A Synergy between Controlled Salinity Brine and Biosurfactant Flooding for Improved Oil Recovery: An Experimental Investigation Based on Zeta Potential and Interfacial Tension Measurements

Table 1

Composition of brines electrolytes used in this work. Formation brine (FMB) represents a typical composition and ionic strength of formation brines; seawater (SW) has typical composition and ionic strength; controlled salinity brine (CSW) is 90 times diluted SW.

Ions	FMB (M)	SW (M)	CSB (mM)
Na	1.463	0.550	6.100
Ca	0.420	0.014	0.200
Mg	0.091	0.045	0.500
Cl	2.485	0.620	6.900
SO	0.002	0.024	0.300
Ionic strength	3.000	0.750	8.300