Serum NGAL to Clinically Distinguish Cholangiocarcinoma from Benign Biliary Tract Diseases

Table 3

Performance of the biomarkers for the diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma.

Tumor Markers (cut-off value)	Sensitivity (%) (95% CI)	Specificity (%) (95% CI)	LR+ (%) (95% CI)	LR- (%) (95% CI)
NGAL	100	26	1.35	—
(50 ng/mL)	(-)	(14–38)	(1.35–1.59)	(-)
NGAL	76	72	2.71	0.33
(110 ng/mL)	(64–88)	(60–84)	(1.69–4.35)	(0.20–0.56)
CA19-9	76	74	2.96	0.32
(35 U/mL)	(64–88)	(62–86)	(1.79–4.79)	(0.19–0.55)
CA19-9	72	86	5.14	0.33
(100 U/mL)	(60–84)	(76–96)	(2.53–10.44)	(0.21–0.51)
Combined markers*	90	66	2.65	0.15
	(82–98)	(53–79)	(1.78–3.94)	(0.06–0.36)

LR+; positive likelihood ratio, LR‒; negative likelihood ratio, CI; confidence interval. *; Combination of NGAL (cut-off value = 110 ng/mL) and CA19-9 (cut-off value = 100 U/mL).