Scavenger Receptors and Their Potential as Therapeutic Targets in the Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease

Table 1

The major scavenger receptor ligands and expression profiles.

Class	Scavenger receptor	Ligands	Expression profile	Involvement in CVD?
A	SR-A	AcLDL, OxLDL, 𝛽-amyloid, molecular chaperones, ECM, AGE, apoptotic cells, activated B-cell, bacteria	Macrophages, mast, dendritic, endothelial and smooth muscle cells	Yes—involved in OxLDL uptake by macrophages leading to foam cell formation
A	MARCO	AcLDL, OxLDL, apoptotic cells, B cells, bacteria	Macrophages, dendritic cells	No
B	SR-B	HDL, LDL, OxLDL, apoptotic cells	Monocytes/macrophages, hepatocytes and adipocytes	Reduces atherosclerosis through reverse cholesterol transport of HDL
B	CD36	AcLDL, OxLDL, HDL, LDL, VLDL, 𝛽-amyloid, AGE, apoptotic cells	Macrophages, platelets, adipocytes, epithelial and endothelial cells	Yes—OxLDL uptake into macrophages leading to foam cell formation
E	LOX-1	OxLDL, molecular chaperones, ECM, AGE, apoptotic cells, activated platelets, bacteria	Endothelial and smooth muscle cells, macrophages, and platelets	Yes—OxLDL uptake in endothelial cells, leads to endothelial dysfunction
F	SRECI/II	AcLDL, OxLDL, molecular chaperones, apoptotic cells	Endothelial cells and macrophages	Low levels of AcLDL uptake
G	SR-PSOX	OxLDL and bacteria	Macrophages, smooth muscle, dendritic, endothelial cells, and B- and T cells.	Yes—involved in OxLDL uptake in macrophages
H	FEEL-I/II	AcLDL, molecular chaperones, ECM, AGE, bacteria	Monocytes/macrophages, endothelial cell	No known link

SR-A: scavenger receptor class A, AcLDL: acetylated low density lipoprotein, OxLDL: oxidised low density lipoprotein, ECM: extracellular matrix, AGE: advanced glycation end products, MARCO: macrophage receptor with collagenous structure, HDL: high density lipoprotein, LDL: low density lipoprotein, VLDL: very low density lipoprotein, LOX-1: lectin-like oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor-1, FEEL-I/II: fasciclin, epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like, laminin-type EGF-like, and link domain-containing scavenger receptor-1.