Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among Working Adults in Ethiopia
Table 2
Cardiometabolic characteristics of study population according to gender.
Characteristic
Gender
P value
Men
Women
Body mass index (kg/m2)
Underweight (<18.5)
13.2
11.9
<.001
Normal (18.5–24.9)
59.9
52.2
Overweight (25.0–29.9)
24.7
25.7
Obese (≥30.0)
2.1
10.2
Blood pressure*
Normotensive
34.4
55.2
<.001
Prehypertension
45.6
30.6
Stage 1 hypertension
15.6
10.8
Stage 2 hypertension
4.4
3.5
Mean (SD)
Mean (SD)
Waist circumference
85.6 (11.3)
80.6 (12.9)
<.001
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)
80.1 (14.6)
76.3 (10.3)
<.001
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)
124.3 (16.0)
116.5 (17.0)
<.001
Mean arterial pressure
94.8 (13.4)
89.7 (11.8)
<.001
Fasting glucose (mg/dL)
94.3 (28.7)
93.5 (26.7)
.654
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)
45.4 (8.4)
50.3 (10.5)
<.001
LDL cholesterol (mg/dL)
115.3 (44.9)
119.8 (34.7)
.908
Median (IQ)
Median (IQ)
Triglycerides (mg/dL)†
112.0 (81.0–171.0)
95.0 (72.0–127.0)
.127
†Data are median (interquartile range) since distribution was skewed, and test of significance was based on log-transformed values.
*According to the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure, hypertension is classified by the following standards: (1) normotensive (systolic BP < 120 mmHg and diastolic BP < 80 mmHg); (2) prehypertension (systolic BP 120–139 mmHg or diastolic BP 80–89 mmHg); stage 1 hypertension (systolic BP 140–159 mmHg or diastolic BP 90–99 mmHg); stage 2 hypertension (systolic BP ≥160 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥100 mmHg) [25].
