Differential Effects in Cardiovascular Markers between High-Dose Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker Monotherapy and Combination Therapy of ARB with Calcium Channel Blocker in Hypertension (DEAR Trial)

Table 1

Patient characteristics at baseline.

Characteristics	Olmesartan	Olmesartan + Azelnidipine	P
Number	26	26	.999
Age (yr)	54.1±2.2	51.7±2.0	.423
Male gender (n)	21	21	.495
BMI (kg/m^2)	23.5±0.7	25.8±0.9	.052
WC (cm)	84.8±2.3	91.9±2.8	.053
DM (n)	3	1	.610
Smoker (n)	0	5	.051
Use of statin (n)	5	4	.999
Serum Cr (mg/dL)	0.92±0.05	0.91±0.06	.880
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m^2)	67.7±2.9	72.0±4.0	.390
Cystatin C (mg/dL)	0.74±0.03	0.80±0.06	.450
Serum K (mEq/L)	4.4±0.1	4.2±0.1	.010
Serum UA (mg/dL)	6.6±0.3	6.0±0.2	.345
Serum TG (mg/dL)	154±23	196±23	.209
Serum HDL-C (mg/dL)	60±4	53±3	.176
Serum LDL-C (mg/dL)	115±6	122±5	.451
GA (%)	14.6±0.3	14.0±0.3	.173
ANP (pg/mL)	29.8±5.1	28.0±3.2	.758
BNP (pg/mL)	19.8±6.9	24.1±11.3	.755
Plasma ARC (pg/mL)	9.6±1.5	15.6±4.3	.201
Plasma aldosterone (pg/mL)	205±16	209±21	.866
UAE (mg/gCr)	27.4±10.9	37.4±13.8	.572
Clinic SBP (mmHg)	159±2	166±5	.247
Clinic DBP (mmHg)	102±8	105±3	.444
24-h SBP (mmHg)	144±2	145±3	.772
24-h DBP (mmHg)	90±1	90±2	.766
Daytime SBP (mmHg)	148±2	149±3	.732
Daytime DBP (mmHg)	92±1	92±2	.769
Nighttime SBP (mmHg)	130±3	128±3	.608
Nighttime DBP (mmHg)	83±2	80±2	.297
Nocturnal decrease (mmHg)	17±2	20±3	.436
Morning surge (mmHg)	29±3	38±4	.090
SBP variablity (mmHg)	20±1	22±1	.178
ABI	1.07±0.04	1.11±0.01	.386
CAVI	7.8±0.4	8.3±0.2	.192
AI (%)	81.0±2.5	78.6±3.1	.563
Mean IMT (mm)	0.9±0.1	0.9±0.1	.797

Data are the means±SEM. BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; DM, diabetes mellitus; Cr, creatinine; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; K, potassium; UA, uric acid; TG, triglyceride; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; GA, glycoalbumin; ANP, atrial natriuretic peptide; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; ARC, active renin concentration; UAE, urinary albumin excretion; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; ABI, ankle-brachial index; CAVI, cardioankle vascular index; AI, augmentation index; IMT, intima-media thickness.