Serum Cotinine Levels and Prehypertension in Never Smokers

Table 5

Association between serum cotinine levels and prehypertension by body mass index.

Serum cotinine quartiles	No. at risk	Cases	Age-, sex-adjusted odds ratio; (95% CI)	Multivariable-adjusted odds ratio; (95% CI)*
BMI < 30 kg/m^2
Quartile 1 (≤0.024 ng/mL)	350	105	1 (referent)	1 (referent)
Quartile 2 (0.025–0.054 ng/mL)	355	120	1.37 (0.98, 1.90)	1.38 (1.01, 1.89)
Quartile 3 (0.055–0.223 ng/mL)	326	106	1.79 (1.14, 2.81)	1.79 (1.13, 2.83)
Quartile 4 (≥0.224 ng/mL)	325	114	1.65 (1.07, 2.54)	1.66 (1.08, 2.55)
P trend			0.0163	0.0167
BMI ≥ 30 kg/m^2
Quartile 1 (≤0.024 ng/mL)	138	60	1 (Referent)	1 (Referent)
Quartile 2 (0.025–0.054 ng/mL)	169	68	0.85 (0.56, 1.29)	0.86 (0.57, 1.30)
Quartile 3 (0.055–0.223 ng/mL)	182	79	0.83 (0.48, 1.43)	0.84 (0.48, 1.47)
Quartile 4 (≥0.224 ng/mL)	182	82	1.07 (0.57, 2.00)	1.05 (0.53, 2.10)
P trend			0.8176	0.8858

*Adjusted for age (years), sex (men, women), ethnicity (non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, Mexican Americans, others), education categories (<high school, high school, >high school), drinking (never drinker, former drinker, 1or 2 drink/day, ≥3 drinks/day), glycohemoglobin (%), total cholesterol (mg/dL), below poverty level (%), and hormone use (ever, never).
P-interaction of cotinine quartiles and obese = 0.3751.