Research Article
The Association between ESR and CRP and Systemic Hypertension in Sarcoidosis
Table 1
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the sarcoidosis cohort.
| | | All subjects
() | Sarcoidosis with HTN () | Sarcoidosis without HTN () | value |
| | Baseline demographics and comorbidities | | Age (years, mean ± SD) | 53.4 ± 9.4 | 56 ± 9.2 | 50.6 ± 8.9 | 0.002 | | Female sex% () | 76.9% (83) | 76.4% (42) | 77.4% (41) | 0.902 | | BMI (Kg/m2, mean ± SD) | 31.9 ± 8 | 33.5 ± 8.2 | 30.2 ± 7.4 | 0.037 | | Duration of sarcoidosis (y, mean ± SD) | 12.2 ± 9.1 | 14.3 ± 9.8 | 10 ± 7.9 | 0.014 | | African American% () | 70.4% (76) | 89.1% (49) | 50.9% (27) | 0.0001 | | Diabetes% () | 31.1% (33) | 38.2% (21) | 23.5% (12) | 0.106 | | Dyslipidemia% () | 24.3% (26) | 33.3% (18) | 15.1% (8) | 0.031 | | CKD% () | 3.7% (4) | 5.5% (3) | 1.9% (1) | 0.348 | | PCI or CABG% () | 1.9% (2) | 1.8% (1) | 1.9% (1) | 0.979 | | Atrial fibrillation% () | 5.6% (6) | 7.3% (4) | 3.8% (2) | 0.435 | | CHF% () | 6.6% (7) | 9.3% (5) | 3.8% (2) | 0.276 | | Pulmonary hypertension% () | 26.2% (28) | 37% (20) | 15.1% (8) | 0.012 | | Rheumatoid arthritis% () | 3.7% (4) | 5.5% (3) | 1.9% (1) | 0.348 | | Asthma% () | 26.2% (28) | 27.8% (15) | 24.5% (13) | 0.702 | | OSA% () | 24.3% (28) | 30.9% (17) | 17.3% (9) | 0.105 | | Dyspnea% () | 52.9% (54) | 62.7% (32) | 43.1% (22) | 0.049 |
| | Pulmonary function tests and echocardiography | | FVC% (mean ± SD) | 93.2 ± 20.9 | 87.7 ± 19.9 | 99.4 ± 20.4 | 0.008 | | FEV1% (mean ± SD) | 88 ± 24.9 | 80.5 ± 23.9 | 96.7 ± 23.4 | 0.002 | | TLC% (mean ± SD) | 89.1 ± 15.6 | 84.7 ± 15 | 94.1 ± 15.1 | 0.005 | | RV% (mean ± SD) | 99.4 ± 26.7 | 98.4 ± 29.4 | 100.9 ± 22.7 | 0.711 | | DLCO% (mean ± SD) | 67 ± 20.3 | 58.8 ± 18.4 | 76.4 ± 18.4 | 0.000 | | EF (mean ± SD) | 57.8 ± 4.8 | 57.1 ± 4.8 | 58.6 ± 4.7 | 0.108 |
| | Treatment | | Oral steroid% () | 83.5% (86) | 88% (44) | 79.2% (42) | 0.237 | | DMARD% () | 43.9% (47) | 43.6% (24) | 44.2% (23) | 0.951 | | Methotrexate% () | 29.6% (32) | 25.5% (14) | 34% (18) | 0.334 | | Azathioprine% () | 4.7% (5) | 3.6% (2) | 5.6% (3) | 0.620 | | Lasix% () | 17.6% (19) | 23.6% (13) | 11.3% (6) | 0.099 | | Warfarin% () | 2.8% (3) | 5.5% (3) | 0% (0) | 0.129 | | Statin% () | 28.7% (31) | 38.2% (21) | 18.9% (10) | 0.029 | | ACE or ARB% () | 46.7% (50) | 74.1% (40) | 18.9% (10) | 0.0001 | | Aspirin | 26.9% (29) | 34.5% (19) | 18.9% (10) | 0.069 |
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PHTN: pulmonary hypertension, BMI: body mass index, CKD: chronic kidney disease, PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention, CABG: coronary artery bypass graft, OSA: obstructive sleep apnea, PASP: pulmonary artery systolic pressure, EF: ejection fraction, ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate, CRP: C-reactive protein, DMARD: disease modifying antirheumatic drug, ACE: angiotensin converting enzyme, y: year, m: mean, and SD: standard deviation.
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