Blood Pressure in relation to 24-Hour Urinary Sodium and Potassium Excretion in a Uruguayan Population Sample
Table 1
Characteristics of participants by tertiles of urinary sodium excretion.
Variable
Tertile 1
Tertile 2
Tertile 3
P
(N=49)
(N=49)
(N=51)
Number (%) with characteristic
Current smoking
14 (28.6)
8 (16.3)
8 (15.7)
0.23
Drinking alcohol
16 (32.7)
20 (40.8)
23 (45.1)
0.32
Hypertension
23 (46.9)
15 (30.6)
16 (31.4)
0.16
On antihypertensive drugs
17 (73.9)
12 (80.0)
10 (62.5)
0.22
Diabetes mellitus
3 (6.1)
3 (6.1)
8 (15.7)
0.16
Mean (SD) characteristic
Age (y)
56.1±17.7
52.2±16.9
49.9±14.6
0.16
Height (cm)
159.5±8.0
164.9±13.1
167.2±8.7
0.0008
Weight (kg)
64.8±11.6
73.7±13.9
83.4±12.7
<.0001
Body mass index (kg/m2)
25.5±4.1
27.3±5.2
29.8±4.2
<.0001
Waist-to-hip ratio
0.86±0.068
0.91±0.074
0.93±0.081
<.0001
Office blood pressure
Systolic pressure (mm Hg)
125.1±21.1
122.3±16.3
126.1±11.7
0.51
Diastolic pressure (mm Hg)
78.4±9.4
77.8±9.3
81.4±10.7
0.15
Heart rate (beats per minute)
71.1±8.2
71.3±11.3
71.3±9.4
0.99
UNa (mmol/day)
92.2±17.5
143.9±13.8
219.8±31.7
<.0001
UK (mmol/day)
44.0±12.1
54.3±18.6
67.3±19.8
<.0001
Fasting glucose (mg/dL)
92.0±14.2
95.3±28.6
96.5±15.0
0.53
Serum cholesterol (mg/dL)
223.1±46.2
200.2±37.4
211.4±36.5
0.022
Triglyceride to HDLc ratio
2.61±1.80
2.73±2.13
3.88±3.13
0.018
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)
88.5±22.4
95.9±20.2
97.0±19.1
0.09
UNa: urinary sodium excretion; HDLc: high density lipoprotein cholesterol. Hypertension was a blood pressure of at least 140 mm Hg systolic or 90 mm Hg diastolic or use of antihypertensive drugs. Diabetes mellitus was a self-reported diagnosis, a fasting plasma glucose of 126 mg/dL or higher, or use of antidiabetic drugs. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was derived from the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation. value for trend across tertiles of urinary sodium excretion.
