Arterial Hypertension and Interleukins: Potential Therapeutic Target or Future Diagnostic Marker?

Table 1

Cytokines, cytokine receptors, and their vascular impact. HTA-arterial hypertension, ATS-atherosclerosis, ST-stroke, IM-myocardium infarction, CHD-coronary heart disease, AF-atrial fibrillation, CH-cardiac hypertrophy, LVD-left ventricule dilatation, HTP-pulmonary hypertension, UA-unstable angina, CHF-chronic heart failure.

Interleukine	Receptor	Cell source	Cell Target	Cardiovascular Impact
IL-1α,β	Type I IL-1r, Type II IL-1r	Monocytes/macrophage, fibroblast, endothelial cells, B cells, epithelial cells including thymic epithelium.	All cells	HTA [52, 58], ATS [53, 54, 60], IL-1β polymorphism and HTA [61–64, 66, 67], ST [73]
IL-4	IL-4 α, common γ	Mast cells, T cells, basophils.	Endothelial cells, T cells, B cells fibroblast, NK-cells, monocytes, macrophages	Anti-inflammatory action on T cells [161]
IL-6	IL-6r, gp130	fibroblast, endothelial, Monocytes/macrophages, most epithelial cells including thymic epithelium.	Hepatocytes, macrophages, monocytes, T cells, B cells, epithelial cells	HTA [40, 82, 85, 88], ATS [106], IM [30], CHD [112, 113, 125], AF [126], CH [90], LVD [91], HTP [103, 105, 106], ST [119, 120]
IL-10	IL-10r	T cells, B cells, monocytes macrophages, keratinocytes, mast cells	T cells, B cells, NK cells, mast cells, monocytes macrophages	Anti-inflammatory action on T cells [120, 156, 157]
IL-17	IL-17r	CD4+ T cells	Endothelium, epithelium, fibroblast, macrophages	HTA [11], ATS [12, 131], IM and UA [135], CHF [137]
IL-23	IL-12Rb1/IL23R	Macrophages, other cell types	T cells	ATS [12, 131]