Research Article

Role of Socioeconomic Status in Hypertension among Chinese Middle-Aged and Elderly Individuals

Table 1

Characteristics of the investigated population.

ItemFrequency (n (%))

Demographic factors
 Gender
  Male10148 (48.0)
  Female10978 (52.0)
 Age (years)
  45∼4410 (29.3)
  55∼5874 (39.0)
  65∼3209 (21.3)
  75∼1553 (10.3)
 Residence
  Urban4353 (23.5)
  Rural14189 (76.5)

Economic factors
 Education level
  Illiteracy9178 (43.5)
  Primary school4568 (21.7)
  Junior high school4474 (21.2)
  Senior high school2343 (11.1)
  University or higher521 (2.5)
 Income
  Lowest2153 (20.1)
  Lower2140 (19.9)
  Medium2153 (20.1)
  Higher2141 (19.9)
  Highest2145 (20.0)
 Working status
  Working11847 (65.5)
  Retirement5915 (32.7)
  Unemployment312 (1.8)
 Medical insurance
  No861 (4.7)
  Yes17414 (95.3)

Health and health behavior
 BMI
  Underweight749 (5.8)
  Normal4915 (37.9)
  Overweight7300 (56.3)
 Diabetes
  No16154 (92.2)
  Yes1376 (7.8)
 Exercise scoring
  Low intensity2955 (49.6)
  Medium991 (16.6)
  High intensity2013 (33.8)
 Smoking
  No11969 (80.1)
  Yes2968 (19.9)

Psychosocial factors
 Depression
  No12088 (73.0)
  Yes4473 (21.2)
 Social support
  Lowest2898 (20.1)
  Lower4113 (28.5)
  Medium1763 (12.2)
  Higher2782 (19.3)
  Highest2888 (20.0)
 Social participation
  No7852 (37.2)
  Yes8967 (42.4)
 Hypertension
  No12499 (70.7)
  Yes5177 (29.3)