Prevalence of Hypertension and Its Associated Factors among Indonesian Adolescents

Table 5

Sociodemographic and lifestyle risk factors and hypertension among adolescents.

Variable	Hypertension		OR (95% CI)	value
	Yes	No
Age group (years old)
Midadolescence (14 to 16)	84	910	1.49	0.432
Late adolescence (17 to 18)	12	194	(0.61–3.60)
Sex
Male	56	386	2.60
Female	40	718	(1.42–4.74)
Ethnicity
Palembang	68	804	0.90	0.738
Others	28	300	(0.47–1.73)
Family history of hypertension
Present	62	382	3.44
Absent	34	722	(1.86–6.38)
Hypertensive father
Yes	42	218	3.16
No	54	886	(1.72–5.80)
Hypertensive mother
Yes	30	218	1.84
No	66	886	(0.96–3.52)
Nutritional status
Obese/overweight	36	236	2.20
Normoweight	60	868	(1.18–4.09)
Physical activity
Less active	70	530	2.91
Active	26	574	(1.51–5.63)
Perceived stress
Yes	66	316	5.48
No	30	788	(2.90–10.3)
Sleep duration
Inadequate	76	864	1.05	1.000
Adequate	20	240	(0.51–2.18)
Dietary intake sodium
High	2	78	0.28	0.358
Moderate	94	1026	(0.03–2.08)
Fat
High	28	368	0.82	0.633
Moderate	68	736	(0.43–1.57)
Fiber
Low	96	1096	0.91	1.000
Moderate	0	8	(0.89–0.94)
Potassium
Low	96	1092	0.91	1.000
Moderate	0	12	(0.89–0.94)
Calcium
Low	96	1080	0.91	0.612
Moderate	0	24	(0.89–0.94)
Smoking
Yes	6	34	2.09
No	90	1070	(0.59–7.43)
Smoking father
Yes	52	516	1.34	0.367
No	44	588	(0.74–2.43)
Smoking mother
Yes	0	16	1.08	1.000
No	96	1088	(1.06–1.11)

^∗p value < 0.05. ^∗∗p value < 0.25.