Research Article

Association between Serum Uric Acid Levels and Sleep Variables: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Survey 2005–2008

Table 4

Association between sleep variables and hyperuricemia, by race/ethnicities*.

Additive composite scoreSample size (Hyperuricemia %)Age-, sex-adjusted OR (95% CI)Multivariable-model 1 OR (95% CI)Multivariable-model 2 OR (95% CI)

Non-Hispanic whites
 01366 (17.4)1 (referent)1 (referent)1 (referent)
 11238 (22.2)1.21 (0.99–1.47)1.25 (1.02–1.53)1.02 (0.83–1.26)
 2486 (26.1)1.43 (1.12–1.83)1.50 (1.16–1.95)1.04 (0.80–1.35)
 ≥3122 (30.3)1.86 (1.30–2.65)2.05 (1.38–3.03)1.35 (0.87–2.11)
𝑃 -trend<0.0001<0.00010.3788
Non-Hispanic blacks
 0484 (16.1)1 (referent)1 (referent)1 (referent)
 1498 (26.0)1.75 (1.35–2.26)1.72 (1.32–2.24)1.45 (1.05–1.98)
 2253 (30.9)2.14 (1.43–3.21)2.12 (1.42–3.17)1.46 (0.95–2.24)
 ≥374 (30.9)2.18 (1.23–3.88)2.15 (1.20–3.86)1.51 (0.79–2.91)
𝑃 -trend0.00030.00040.0957
Mexican Americans
 0459 (12.0)1 (referent)1 (referent)1 (referent)
 1541 (15.4)1.28 (0.89–1.83)1.29 (0.89–1.88)1.00 (0.67–1.50)
 2174 (20.5)1.78 (1.10–2.90)1.82 (1.10–3.02)1.28 (0.76–2.17)
 ≥328 (26.9)2.64 (1.01–6.88)2.92 (1.09–7.83)2.10 (0.68–6.54)
𝑃 -trend0.00430.00500.2120

*No separate analysis by other race/ethnicities due to small sample size.
Model 1: Adjusted for age (years), gender (male, female), education (below high school, high school, and above high school), smoking (never smoker, former smoker, and current smoker), and alcohol intake (absent, present) in a multivariable logistic regression model.
Model 2: Additional adjusted for physical activity (moderate physical activity), body mass index (obese, nonobese), depression (absent, present), diabetes (absent, present), and total cholesterol (mg/dL) in a multivariable logistic regression model.
Abbreviations: CI: confidence interval; OR: odds ratio.