Cytosolic Double-Stranded DNA as a Damage-Associated Molecular Pattern Induces the Inflammatory Response in Rat Pancreatic Stellate Cells: A Plausible Mechanism for Tissue Injury-Associated Pancreatitis
Figure 1
(a) Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) expressed double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) receptors. Total RNA was prepared from freshly isolated (3 days after isolation) culture-activated PSCs (passages 2 and 4). Expression of the dsDNA receptors was assessed by real-time PCR. All PSCs constitutively expressed DNA-dependent activator of IFN-regulatory factors (DAI), absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2), and toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9). (b) Extracellular DNA stimulation had no effect on DNA receptors, such as DAI and AIM2. In contrast, intracellular dsDNA increased the expression of all dsDNA receptors except TLR9. PSCs: pancreatic stellate cells, TFx: + transfection reagent lipofectamine. *, **.
