Review Article

Vasospasm in Cerebral Inflammation

Table 1

Inflammatory mediators and their role in cerebral vasospasm.

MediatorFunction of mediatorDisease model where role has been establishedReferences

(i) Nitric oxide (i) Vasodilator
(ii) Inhibitor of endothelin-1 expression
(i) Cerebral malaria
(ii) Bacterial meningitis
(iii) Subarachnoid haemorrhage
[1, 7, 16, 28, 32, 41, 45]

(i) Endothelin-1(i) Vasoconstrictor(i) Bacterial meningitis
(ii) Subarachnoid haemorrhage
[7, 15]

(i) Interleukin-1
(ii) Interferon gamma
(iii) Tumor necrosis factor
(i) Activators of protein kinase C
(ii) Stimulators of release of endothelin-1
(i) Bacterial meningitis
(ii) Cerebral malaria
(iii) Subarachnoid haemorrhage
[7, 14, 56]