A New Approach for Provenance Studies of Archaeological Finds: Inferences from Trace Elements in Carbonate Minerals of Alpine White Marbles by a Bench-to-Top μ-XRF Spectrometer

Table 1

List of studied alpine marbles: type, microscopic features, and C–O isotope from [20].

Piedmont alpine marbles	Main carbonate mineral phase	Acronyms used in text and figures	Metamorphicconditions	𝛿^18O (δ%0)	𝛿^13C (δ%0)	AGS(mm)	MGS(mm)
Brossasco	Calcite	BRO-C	HP Eclogite	−7.3	0.7	0.7	3.7
Garessio	Calcite	GAR-C	Green Schists	−1.5	2.8	0.09	0.65
Ornavasso	Calcite	ORN-C	Granulite	−12.3	1.1	1.0	5.7
Candoglia	Calcite	CAN-C	Granulite	−12.2*	1.3*	—	—
Crevola (2 varieties)	Dolomite	CRE-D1/ CRE-D2	Amphibolite	−3.0/−5.3	1.4/2.0	0.14/0.32	0.9
Pont Canavese	Dolomite	PONT-D	Eclogite	−7.3	1.4	0.26	0.8
Foresto	Dolomite	FOR-D	Eclogite	−4.3	1.2	0.15	0.6
Chianocco	Dolomite	CHI-D	Eclogite	−4.7	1.2	0.07	0.5
Prali	Calcite/dolomite	PRA-C/PRA-D	Eclogite	−7.4/−7.1	1.5/1.7	0.19	0.8

AGS and MGS terminology according to [4, 39, 40].
𝛿¹³C and 𝛿¹⁸O data are expressed versus PDB standard [41].
Analytical protocol according to [42]. Standard deviation: 0.1 (δ%₀) for 𝛿¹⁸O and for 𝛿¹³C.
*Data from [43]. In acronyms: C: calcite; D: dolomite.