This paper examines the effects of heat treatment processes on the mechanical properties of as-cast Al-4&#x25; Ti alloy for structural applications. Heat treatment processes, namely, annealing, normalizing, quenching, and tempering, are carried out on the alloy samples. The mechanical tests of the heat treated samples are carried out and the results obtained are related to their optical microscopy morphologies. The results show that the heat treatment processes have no significant effect on the tensile strength of the as-cast Al-4&#x25; Ti alloy but produce significant effect on the rigidity and strain characteristic of the alloy. With respect to the strain characteristics, significant improvement in the ductility of the samples is recorded in the tempered sample. Thus, for application requiring strength and ductility such as in aerospace industries, this tempered heat treated alloy could be used. In addition, the quenched sample shows significant improvement in hardness.

Segun Isaac Talabi

Samson Oluropo Adeosun

Abdulganiyu Funsho Alabi

Ishaq Na'Allah Aremu

Sulaiman Abdulkareem

Effects of Heat Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of Al-4&#x25; Ti Alloy

The polycrystalline compounds with chemical formula <svg     style="vertical-align:-5.76988pt;width:188.55px;" id="M2" height="18.612499" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 188.55 18.612499" width="188.55"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
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</svg> (CSBFLO) were synthesized via standard ceramic method. The chemical phase analysis was carried out by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) method, which confirmed the formation of the magnetoplumbite phase belonging to ferrite structure. The frequency dependence of AC conductivity and dielectric constant was studied in the frequency range of 10&#x2009;Hz to 2&#x2009;MHz. The experimental results revealed that AC conductivity increases with increasing frequency, which is in agreement with Koop&#x2019;s phenomenological theory. However, variation in dielectric constant required explanation in light of dielectric polarization. Magnetic characterization included studies of parameters such as Ms, Mr, Hc, and Tc, and results were explained via magnetic dilution and canting spin structure.

Rohit K. Mahadule

Purushottam R. Arjunwadkar

Megha P. Mahabole

Synthesis and Characterization of <svg style="vertical-align:-5.76988pt" height="19.075001" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 200.91251 19.075001" width="200.91251" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.825)"><path id="x1D402" d="M657 152l30 -25q-69 -85 -133 -115q-63 -31 -155 -31q-159 0 -255 96q-95 98 -95 246q0 161 97 264q98 104 250 104q69 0 156 -35q26 -10 37.5 -13.5t22 2t14.5 12.5t16 31h27v-235h-25q-24 64 -67 115q-75 90 -167 90q-80 0 -133 -84q-51 -82 -51 -229q0 -155 54 -240&#xA;q22 -34 62.5 -55t84.5 -21q65 0 126 34q41 23 104 89z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,12.336,11.825)"><path id="x1D41A" d="M463 54l10 10l15 -21q-52 -57 -112 -57q-37 0 -55.5 15.5t-26.5 53.5q-76 -69 -159 -69q-52 0 -81 27t-29 79q0 67 67 112q48 32 201 76v68q0 49 -18.5 71t-62.5 22q-28 0 -46.5 -10t-18.5 -27q0 -10 11 -23q19 -22 19 -42q0 -26 -19 -43t-49 -17q-31 0 -48 18t-17 50&#xA;q0 59 52 92.5t139 33.5q92 0 144 -35t52 -99v-261q0 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Extruded Mg alloy plates of 6&#x2009;mm thick of AZ61A grade were butt welded using advanced welding process and friction stir welding (FSW) processes. The specimens were exposed to salt spray conditions and immersion conditions to characterize their corrosion rates on the effect of pH value, chloride ion concentration, and corrosion time. In addition, an attempt was made to develop an empirical relationship to predict the corrosion rate of FSW welds in salt spray corrosion test and galvanic corrosion test using design of experiments. The corrosion morphology and the pit morphology were analyzed by optical microscopy, and the corrosion products were examined using scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction analysis. From this research work, it is found that, in both corrosion tests, the corrosion rate decreases with the increase in pH value, the decrease in chloride ion concentration, and a higher corrosion time. The results show the usage of the magnesium alloy for best environments and suitable applications from the aforementioned conditions. Also, it is found that AZ61A magnesium alloy welds possess low-corrosion rate and higher-corrosion resistance in the galvanic corrosion test than in the salt spray corrosion test.

A. Dhanapal

S. Rajendra Boopathy

V. Balasubramanian

K. Chidambaram

A. R. Thoheer Zaman

Experimental Investigation of the Corrosion Behavior of Friction Stir Welded AZ61A Magnesium Alloy Welds under Salt Spray Corrosion Test and Galvanic Corrosion Test Using Response Surface Methodology

First principles calculations are performed using a tight-binding linear muffin-tin orbital (TB-LMTO) method with local density approximation (LDA) and atomic sphere approximation (ASA) to understand the electronic properties of transition metal hydrides (TMH) (TM = Cr, Mn, Fe, Co). The structural property, electronic structure, and magnetic properties are investigated. A pressure induced structural phase transition from cubic to hexagonal phase is predicted at the pressures of 50&#x2009;GPa for CrH and 23&#x2009;GPa for CoH. Also, magnetic phase transition is observed in FeH and CoH at the pressures of 10&#x2009;GPa and 180&#x2009;GPa, respectively.

S. Kanagaprabha

R. Rajeswarapalanichamy

K. Iyakutti

First Principles Study of Electronic Structure and Magnetic Properties of TMH (TM = Cr, Mn, Fe, Co)

Ascorbic acid was used as leaching agent to investigate the dissolution kinetics of natural magnesite ore. The effects of various reaction parameters such as acid concentration, liquid-solid ratio, particle size, stirring speed, and temperature were determined on dissolution kinetics of the magnesite ore. It was found that the dissolution rate increased with increase in acid concentration, liquid-solid ratio, stirring speed, and temperature and decrease in the particle size of the ore. The graphical and statistical methods were applied to analyze the kinetic data, and it was evaluated that the leaching process was controlled by the chemical reaction, that is, <svg     style="vertical-align:-2.3205pt;width:255.33749px;" id="M1" height="19.5375" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 255.33749 19.5375" width="255.33749"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
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</svg>. The activation energy of the leaching process was found to be 57.244&#x2009;kJ&#x2009;mol<sup  >&#x2212;1</sup> over the reaction temperature range from 313 to 343&#x2009;K.

Nadeem Raza

Zafar Iqbal Zafar

Najam-ul-Haq

An Analytical Model Approach for the Dissolution Kinetics of Magnesite Ore Using Ascorbic Acid as Leaching Agent

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International Journal of Metals