Comprehensive and Rapid Real-Time PCR Analysis of 21 Foodborne Outbreaks
Table 3
Epidemiological investigations in 21
food—borne outbreaks examined by SG-PCR and bacteriological cultures in
Shimane Prefecture, Japan.
Case No.
Date ocurred (day/mo/yr)
Days for examination after occurrence
Infected group
Source of infection (suspected source)
No. of patients/total
No. of examined patients
Causative pathogens
Stool samples (No. of positive/ examined samples)
SG-PCR
Isolation
1st test
2nd test
3rd test
Final test
Total
1
4-Oct-02
6
School excursion in a
mountain area
Stream wate
23/33
22
*EPEC O:125, O:166, O:UT *astA-positive E. coli O:1, O:UT
1/7
—
—
4/22
7/22
5/22
2
03-Sep-03
3
Protective care school
Catering box lunch
22/46
10
astA-positive E. coli O:18,
1/5
—
—
6/10
6/10
3/10
O:20, O:114, O:159,
O:UT
[Norovirus
6/7]
3
01-Oct-03
2
Celebration in a company
Catering box lunch
437/1354
12
*
C. perfringens O:13, O:16
5/5
—
—
7/12
7/12
10/12
4
11-Jun-04
6
Camping group of high school
Grilled meat (beef, bovine
intestinal meat)
4/8
4
C. jejuni
1/4
—
—
1/8
1/8
5/8
5
12,13-Jun-04
6 ~ 7
9 citizen groups in
Chophouse
Grilled meat (beef, bovine
intestinal meat)
30/UN
12
C. jejuni
4/5
—
—
8/12
8/12
10/12
6
17-Jun-04
5
Cooking practise in a high
school
Shelf-cooked lunch (salada
mixed chicken)
31/41
20
*
C. jejuni
4/5
—
—
12/14
12/14
17/20
7
07-Jul-04
1
Citizen in Chinese
restaurant
Fried ric
6/6
6
*
B. cereus
1/1
—
—
2/6
2/6
2/6
8
11-Oct-04
3
Sport club in a high school
Shelf-cooked lunch
26/47
6
*
C. perfringens O:16, OUT
1/5
—
—
3/6
3/6
4/6
9
5~7-Nov-04
5 ~ 7
Restaurant
Unknown
5
5
C. jejuni
2/5
—
—
2/5
2/5
10
Unknown
Several days
(19-Jur-05)
Nursery
Unknown
24/73
22
*EHEC O26
8/22
8/22
8/22
[Norovirus
20/22]
11
28~30-Sep-05
1 ~
3
Prisoners in a
prison
Shelf-cooked
mea
113/600
61
astA -positive E. coli
—
—
14/14
14/14
41/46
C. perfringens (sporadic case)
1/5
1/46
12
2~6-Oct-05
1 ~ 5
Elementary and
high school children
Unknown (School
lunch)
39/94
39
astA -positve E. coli
5/5
—
—
5/5
I
EPEC
2/5
IM
A. hidrophila
1/5
1/16
C. jejuni (sporadic case)
1/5
IM
13
28~30-May-06
0 ~ 2
Citizens at
restaurant
Lunch (pilaf and
scrambled ag)
27/34
27
*
S. aureus
2/5
—
—
2/5
4/8
astA-positve E. coli
1/5
14
4-Jul-06
0
Boarder of high
school
Catering box lunch
34/51
34
*
C.
perfringens
5/5
—
—
8/8
8/8
19/50
15
16-Aug-06
1
Citizens at
restaurant
Fried rice
15/34
15
*
B. cereus
1/4
—
—
1/4
2/4
16
23~29-Aug-06
2 ~ 8
Boarder of
training high school
Supper
(contaminated sliced cabbag)
19/43
18
*
C. jejuni
3/5
—
—
6/9
8/9
9/14
astA -positve E. coli
4/5
5/9
IM
17
2-Sep-06
3
Citizens in
Buddhist service
Catering box lunch
14/49
4
V.
parahaemolyticus
4/5
—
—
4/6
4/6
3/6
18
22-Dec-06
5
Citizens at
restaurant
Supper (chiken)
12/12
8
*
C. jejuni
3/5
—
—
4/9
4/9
4/10
19
4-Jul-07
6
Citizens at
restaurant
Supper (chiken)
7/11
7
*
C. jejuni
1/2
—
—
1/2
2/3
20
21-Oct-07
1
Citizens at
restaurant
Supper
7/13
7
*EPEC
2/5
—
4/5
IM
P. shigelloides
2/5
2/5
21
29-Nov-07
1
Citizens at
restaurant
Supper (raw
chiken liver)
8/8
7
*
C. jejuni
3/5
—
—
4/7
5/7
4/7
astA -positve E. coli
1/5
1/7
Total
54/93
111/191
160/276
58.1%
58.1%
58.0%
a: EPEC O : 166, O : UT and astA -positive E. coli O : 27, O : UT strains were isolated from stream water drunk by
patients in case 1., b: B cereus was isolated from cooked pork in case
7. c: astA genes were detected from 5 food samples in case 11., d: S. aureus was isolated from pilaf
and scrambled egg in case 13., e: C. jejuni specific gene was detected
from 5 food samples in case 17. f: Impossible isolation. *: 14 cases examined
by SG-qPCR and viable cell count.