Antifungal Resistance and New Strategies to Control Fungal Infections

Table 1

Characteristics of main fungal infections worldwide.

Body location	Pathogen type	Organ	Most frequent genus	Estimated incidence of; infection*
superficial	primary	Skin and hair	Malassezia	~140,000,000 cases/year
cutaneous	primary	Skin and nails	Trichophyton; Epidermophyton; Microsporum	~1,500,000,000 cases/year
mucosal	opportunistic	Vagina,; digestive tract,; urinary tract and	Candida	~75,000,000 cases/year; ~9,500,000 cases/year
		eye	Aspergillus, Fusarium	~1,000,000 cases/year
systemic	opportunistic	any organ (lungs, brain, bloodstream etc.)	Candida; Aspergillus; Cryptococcus; Histoplasma; Pneumocystis; Coccidioidomyces; and so on	~300,000 cases/year; ~350,000 cases/year; ~1,000,000 cases/year; ~500,000 cases/year; >200,000 cases/year; up to 300,000 cases/year

*adapted from “The Fungal Research Trust. How common are fungal diseases? Fungal Research Trust 20th Anniversary meeting. London June 18th 2011.”