Research Article

Antimicrobial and Herbal Drug Resistance in Enteric Bacteria Isolated from Faecal Droppings of Common House Lizard/Gecko (Hemidactylus frenatus)

Table 1

Bacterial isolates from faecal droppings of geckos collected from different sources.

Bacterial isolates Number of gecko samples from different sources positive for bacteria (number of samples tested)Chi-test statisticsTotal number of isolates of bacteria
Offices HHH
IFS
HGM
Total positive (%)

Citrobacter diversus 21115 (2.6%)0.6579
C. freundii 61241133 (17.0%)0.00566
C. amalonaticus 06006 (3.1%)0.05911
Edwardsiella tarda 01113 (1.5%)0.2964
Ed.  hoshiniae 10001 (0.5%)0.5231
Enterobacter cloacae 10203 (1.5%)0.0053
Ent. aerogenese 00011 (0.5%)0.1141
Ent.  agglomerans 412411 (5.7%)0.03913
Ent. amnigenus BG-I30126 (3.1%)0.1436
Ent. amnigenus BG-II20002 (1.0)0.2113
Ent. cancerogenus 00101 (0.5%)0.0201
Ent. gregoviae 012912 (6.2%) 18
Ent. sakazaki 01001 (0.5%)0.7501
Erwinia ananas 02002 (1.0%)0.4872
Escherichia blattae 02305 (2.6%)0.0016
E. coli 41712639 (20.1%) 56
E. fergusonii 03003 (1.5%)0.2993
Hafnea alvei 00011 (0.5%)0.1141
Klebsiella oxytoca 01012 (1.0%)0.4592
K. pneumoniae 577827 (13.9%) 41
Leclercia adecarboxylata 00101 (0.5%)0.0201
Leminorella ghirmonti 11002 (1.0%)0.8672
Listonella damsele 10102 (1.0%)0.1683
Pragia fontium 06006 (3.1%)0.0596
Proteus penneri 11002 (1.0%)0.8672
Pseudomonas aeruginosa 01203 (1.5%)0.0063
Raoultella terrigena 12003 (1.5%)0.7934
Salmonella indica 613212 (6.2%)0.03236
Salmonella salamae 02002 (1.0%)0.4877
Salmonella houtenae 20103 (1.5%)0.1734
Serratia entamophila 20002 (1.0%)0.5233
Serratia fonticola 01001 (0.5%)0.7504
Serratia marcescens 10001 (0.5%)0.5232
Xenorhabdus luminescens 10001 (0.5%)0.5231

Total 447018281600.003326

HHH: human households; IFS: integrated farm units; HGM: hostel, guest house, and mess/canteen; BG: biogroup; NT: not tested.
Note: Chi-square test was done to test the null hypothesis that sources from which gecko droppings were sampled had no effect on isolation rate of the bacteria.