| Species (family); voucher number | Traditional uses | Bioactive or potentially bioactive components | Known antimicrobial activities of plants |
| Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Meliaceae); 4447/SRFK | Antimalarial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antihyperglycaemic, antiulcerous [16] | Alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, and saponins [17] | Antibacterial activity of ethanol leaf extract: Ec, Kp, Pm, Sa, Pa, Ef [18]; ethanol and methanol extract of leaves: Ec, Pa, St, Sa, Bp [17] |
| Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck (Rutaceae); 25,860/SRFC | Cancer [19, 20] | Alkaloids, cardioglycosides, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, flavonoids, and steroids [21] | Antibacterial activity of petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, chloroform, ethanol, and leaf water: Ec, Sa, Pa, Pm [21] |
| Cucurbita maxima Duch. (Cucurbitaceae); 42,449/HNC | Diabetes, cancer, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating, and bacterial infections [22, 23] | Tannins, saponins, alkaloids [24], cucurbitaxanthin, gibberellin, and α-tocopherol [25] | Antibacterial activity of aqueous seed extract: Ec, Sa, Kp, Ef, Pa [24], ethanol and aqueous extract of flowers: St, Ec, Ef, Bc [26] |
| Dacryodes edulis (G. Don) H. J. Lam (Burseraceae); 1874/SRFK | Gastrointestinal disorders, toothache, earache [27], dysentery, anemia, leprosy, [28], skin diseases, and sickle cell disease [29] | Ethyl gallate and quercitrin [27] | Antibacterial activity of hydromethanolic, butanol, aqueous, ethanolic extract, ethyl acetate of bark: Ec, Pa, Bc, Sa [27] |
| Hibiscus esculentus L. (Malvaceae); 42,823/HNC | Inflammation, pain [30], cancer, hypoglycemic [31] | Not reported | Not reported |
| Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam (Convolvulaceae); 55,594/HNC | Antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, reducing risk of cardiovascular disease, anticancer, reducing stomach stress, nausea, diarrhea [32] | Caffeoylquinic acid [33], vitamin E, beta-carotene, lutein, saponins [32], flavonoids, and chitinases [34] | Not reported |
| Irvingia gabonensis (Aubry. Lec. ex O. Rorke) Baill. (Irvingiaceae); 52,936/HNC | Diarrhea, hernia, yellow fever, dysentery, antipoison [35, 36], gonorrhea, gastrointestinal and hepatic disorders, wound infections, diabetes, analgesic [37] | Saponins, tannins, phenols, and phlobatannins [35], alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, anthraquinones, tannins, flavonoids [36], 3-friedelanone; betulinic acid; oleanolic acid; 3,3,4-tri-O-methylellagic acid; 3,4-di-O-methylellagic acid; hardwickiic acid [38] | Antibacterial activity of aqueous and ethanol extract of leaves and bark: Sa, Ec [36]; S: Bst, Ca, Cf, Ea, Ecl, Mm, Ng, Pa, Pm, Pv, Sa, Sd; Bc, Bm, Bs, Ck, Ec, Kp, Sfl, St, Sf [38] |
| Phaseolus vulgaris L. (Fabaceae); 42,587/HNC | Antioxidant [39], cancer, estrogenic, antidepressant [40], bacterial infections, tuberculosis [41] | Alkaloids, steroids, and flavonoids [42] | Antibacterial activity of aqueous, alcohol, chloroform, ether extract of seeds: Sa, Pa, Sf, Bs, Kp, Ec [41] |
| Ricinodendron heudelotii (Baill.) Pierre ex Heckel (Euphorbiaceae); 50,852/HNC | Cough, antidote, intestinal diseases [43], yellow fever, malaria, stomach pain, headache, dysentery [44] | Tannins, polyphenols, alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, steroids, and saponins [43], aleuritolic acid, labda-8(17), 13-diem-3β, 15-diol, E-ferulic acid octacosylate [44] | Antibacterial activity of methanol extract of the leaves: Sa, Sf, Pv, Cf, Mm, Ko, Kp, Ec, Pa, St [43], Pf, Bs, Sa, Ec, Ca, Af [44], Ec, Ea, Pa, Ps, Kp, Ecl [18] |
| Saccharum officinarum L. (Poaceae); 42,958/HNC | Jaundice and liver problems, hemorrhoids, dysentery, menorrhagia [45] | Flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and alkaloids [46] | Antibacterial activity of methanol extract of the stems: Ec, Kp, Sa, Pa [46] |
| Spondias mombin L. (Anacardiaceae); 21,249/SRFK | Diuretic, febrifuge, diarrheal diseases, dysentery, hemorrhoids, gonorrhea, leucorrhea [47] | Saponins, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, and glycosides [48] | Antibacterial activity of ethanol, methanol, water, and acetone extracts of the leaves: Kp, Sa, St, Ea, Sm [48] |
| Theobroma cacao L. (Sterculiaceae); 60,111/HNC | Cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and nervous diseases [49] | Alkaloids, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides, and saponins [50] | Antibacterial activity: Sa, Ec, Sd, Kp, Sm, Pa, Pm [51] | Uapaca guineensis Muell. Arg. (Euphorbiaceae); 53,136/HNC | Leprosy, epilepsy, edema, rheumatism, aphrodisiac, fever, inflammation, absorption [52] | Steroids, alkaloid, terpenoids, and gallic acid [53] | Not reported |
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