Research Article

Nasal Carriage of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus among Health Care Workers in Tertiary and Regional Hospitals in Dar es Salam, Tanzania

Table 5

Association between MRSA nasal carriage and risk factors among HCWs.

CharacteristicMRSA positive, (%)Univariate OR (95% CI); valueMultivariate OR (95% CI); value

Age group (years)
<45 ()51 (15.7)11
>45 ()8 (14.8)1.1 (0.47–2.40); 0.81.8 (0.4–4.4); 0.5
Sex
Male ()20 (12.7)11
Female ()39 (17.6)0.6 (0.38–1.22); 0.21.3 (0.57–2.8); 0.5
Hospital
Amana ()18 (17.6)7.7 (1.73–34.38); 0.00710.3 (2.0–52.3); 0.005
Temeke ()29 (27.9)13.9 (3.20–60.47); ≤0.00120 (3.9–99.3); ≤0.001
MNH ()10 (10.1)4.04 (0.85–19.05); 0.075.3 (1.0–27.9); 0.04
ORCI ()2 (2.7)11
Department/ward
Medical wards ()28 (13.8)11
Surgical wards ()30 (17.5)0. 64 (0.69–5.93); 0.60.7 (0.37–1.32); 0.2
ICU1 (20)0.85 (0.92–7.88); 0.81.7 (0.15–16.8); 0.7
Profession
Doctors ()21 (11.5)1.08 (0.30–3.91); 0.80. 43 (0.1–1.87); 0.2
Nurses ()35 (20.7)2.17 (0.62–7.63); 0.20. 84 (0.2–3.55); 0.8
Others ()3 (10.7)11
Duration in health care services
<5 years ()22 (12.9)11
>5 years ()37 (17.8)0.68 (0.38–1.20); 0.22.08 (1.10–4.02); 0.03
History of antibiotic use
Yes ()34 (18.4)1.52 (0.86–2.66); 0.11.4 (0.76–2.58); 0.2
No ()25 (12.9)11
History of chronic illness
Yes ()4 (9.5)0.54 (0.18–1.57); 0.20. 35 (0.11–1.14); 0.08
No ()55 (16.3)11

MNH, Muhimbili National Hospital; ORCI, Ocean Road Cancer Institute; ICU, intensive care unit; anesthesiologist and radiotherapist.