|
Patient numbers, patient characteristics | PD duration | Clinical presentation | CCa2+ (mmol/L) | (mmol/L) | PTH (ng/L) | Treatment | Outcome | Reference |
|
most female diabetics | > 2 months | 73% subcutaneous plaques 95% lower legs (95% bilateral) 5% abdomina l wall |
n/a |
n/a |
n/a | Parathyroidectomy () | 5 improve | |
[11] |
Change to HD () | 11 improve |
Steroid therapy () | 3 die within 3 month8 improve 8 no change |
|
female HTN, IHD, renal calculi, osteoarthritis, graves thyroid disease, osteoporosis | 3 months | Unilateral right calf violaceous lesion 1.5 inch, progressing to bilateral indurated lesions calf and thighs | 2.22 | 2.10 | 109 | D/C caltrate, calcitriol start sevelamer prednisolone STS (IV) | Resistant to all but STS, with improved pain in 2 weeks, and reduced lesion size in 8 weeks | [12] |
|
female 2 failed transplant not on calcium salts | 4 years | Violaceous lesions progressing in 6 weeks to ulcerations of left proximal arm and bilateral thigh | 2.4 | 1.77 | 89 | Prior parathyroidectomy, initially STS (IV) 2 months STS (IP) 4 months | STS(IV) response but D/C due to N&V. STS(IP) no response and died from sepsis | [13] |
|
female Moroccan obese, IDDM, IHD, CVA | 3 years | Redness right breast progressed to ulcerate Further progressed to bilateral breast and fingertip ulceration. Further progression to thigh | 2.7 | 2.0 | 1376 | Parathyroidectomy mastectomy STS—although very late | Poor response to all. Poor wound healing. Died from sepsis | [14] |
|
male Afro-American Wegener’s granulomatosis (receiving cyclophosphamide and prednisolone) previous warfarin (right atrial thrombus) | 3 years | Erythema and swelling bilateral metatarsals, progressed to necrotic feet and fingers, with scintigraphy evidence of widespread disease | 2.42 | 2.68 | 321 | D/C caltrate Sevelamer preexisting Aluminium commenced STS (IV) 3 months HBO Change to HD | Pain relief with STS but lesions progress. HBO did not halt Proceed to bilateral BKA. Change to HD 5x/week and disease healed | [15] |
|