Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease and Its Association with Risk Factors in Disadvantageous Population

Table 3

Association of CKD (Cockcroft-Gault equation) with risk-factors.

Risk factors	Group		𝑥^2 value	^*𝑃 values
	CKD % (𝑛=160)	Normal % (𝑛=840)
Over-wt and obese (BMI ≥ 25 kg/M^2)^#	25.6	19.6	2.94	0.086
Use of tobacco^#	58.1	39.4	19.28	<0.001
DM (self-reported + RBS > 11.1 mg/dL)^#	10.6	2.9	20.62	<0.001
HTN (self-reported + newly diagnosed)^#	31.9	7.7	76.35	<0.001
Combined DM and HTN^*	3.8	0.6	8.71	0.004
Combined DM, HTN, and proteinuria^*	2.5	0.4	6.209	0.015

^#Data were analysed using Chi-squared (𝜒²) test.
^*Data were analysed with the help of Fisher’s exact test; level of significance was 0.05.
𝑑𝑓=1.