Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease and Its Association with Risk Factors in Disadvantageous Population

Table 4

Association of CKD (MDRD Equation) with risk factors.

Risk factors	Group		𝑥^2 value	^*𝑃 values
	CKD % (𝑛=131)	Normal % (𝑛=869)
Over-wt and obese (BMI ≥ 25 kg/M^2)^#	47.3	16.6	65.84	<0.001
Use of tobacco^#	48.9	41.4	2.57	0.059
DM (self-reported + RBS > 11.1 mg/dL)^#	16.8	2.2	61.77	<0.001
HTN (self-reported + newly diagnosed)^#	38.9	7.5	109.81	<0.001
Combined DM and HTN^*	6.1	0.3	20.86	<0.001
Combined DM, HTN, and proteinuria^*	5.3	0	28.78	<0.001

^#Data were analysed using Chi-squared (𝜒²) test.
*Data were analysed with the help of Fisher’s exact test; level of significance was 0.05.
𝑑𝑓=1.