Classification of Five Uremic Solutes according to Their Effects on Renal Tubular Cells

Figure 5

Effect of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) on uremic solute-induced decrease in viable cell number. Porcine renal tubular cells were treated with NAC (0, 0.1 or 1 mmol/L) for 20 minutes and further treated with each uremic solute for 48 hours. Viable cell number was evaluated using Cell Counting Kit-8. Optical density at 450 nm was measured and the values were calculated as percent of the corresponding control. Cont, control; IS, indoxyl sulfate; PCS, p-cresyl sulfate; PhS, phenyl sulfate; HA, hippuric acid; IAA, indoleacetic acid. Data are shown as mean ± S.D. (). Asterisks indicate significant difference each pairs described in this figure (). N.S. means nonsignificant difference.