Clinicopathological Correlation in Asian Patients with Biopsy-Proven Lupus Nephritis

Table 3

The renal pathological findings at renal biopsy by LN class.

	Total; ()	Class II; ()	Class III; ()	Class IVG; ()	Class IVS; ()	Class V; ()
Activity index
Endocapillary proliferation	184 (75.4%)	1 (14.3%)	34 (89.5%)^†*	108 (92.3%)^†*	39 (100%)^†*	2 (4.7%)
Glomerular leukocyte infiltration	148 (60.7%)	1 (14.3%)	20 (52.6%)^†*	92 (78.6%)^†*	30 (76.9%)^†*	5 (11.6%)
Hyaline thrombi	154 (63.1%)	0 (0%)	17 (44.7%)^†*	100 (85.5%)^†*	33 (84.6%)^†*	4 (9.3%)
Fibrinoid necrosis	41 (16.8%)	1 (14.3%)	6 (15.8%)	23 (19.7%)^†	11 (28.2%)^†	0 (0%)
Cellular crescent	94 (38.5%)	0 (0%)	15 (39.5%)^†	58 (49.6%)^†*	20 (51.3%)^†*	1 (2.3%)
Interstitial inflammation	150 (61.5%)	3 (42.9%)	22 (57.9%)	78 (66.7%)^†	28 (71.8%)	19 (44.2%)
Total activity index (Max 24)	6.8 ± 4.3	1.1 ± 2.2	4.4 ± 2.3^†*	9.4 ± 3.1^†*	8.6 ± 2.9^†*	1.2 ± 1.8
Median (IQR)	7 (3, 10)	0 (0, 1)	4 (3, 6)	9 (7, 11.5)	8 (6, 11)	1 (0, 1)
Chronicity index
Sclerotic glomeruli	121 (49.6%)	4 (57.1%)	16 (42.1%)	55 (47%)	26 (66.7%)	20 (46.5%)
Fibrous crescent	53 (21.7%)	0 (0%)	5 (13.2%)	33 (28.2%)^†	15 (38.5%)^†*	0 (0%)
Tubular atrophy	121 (49.6%)	1 (14.3%)	12 (31.6%)	64 (54.7%)	23 (59%)^*	21 (48.8%)
Interstitial fibrosis	139 (57%)	1 (14.3%)	14 (36.8%)	73 (62.4%)^*	27 (69.2%)^*	24 (55.8%)
Total chronicity index (Max 12)	2.5 ± 2.3	1.1 ± 1.5	1.6 ± 1.9	2.9 ± 2.4	3 ± 2.1^*	2.2 ± 2.3
Median (IQR)	2 (0, 4)	1 (0, 2)	1 (0, 3)	3 (1, 4)	3 (2, 4)	2 (0, 3)

Data are mean ± SD, median with interquartile range and percentages; ^† < 0.05 versus class V and ^* < 0.05 versus class II.