Clinical Presentation, Renal Histopathological Findings, and Outcome in Patients with Monoclonal Gammopathy and Kidney Disease

Table 3

Clinical characteristics and lab examinations of patients with monoclonal gammopathy.

Laboratory tests	MGUS	SMM	MM	Amyloidosis	NHL	HL	value
Age (yr)	64.9C13.9	71.8 ± 11.9	66.9 ± 12.9	66.3 ± 11.3	72.6 ± 9.6	69 ± 5.3	0.377
Male n (%)	57 (62)	4 (57.1)	32 (72.7)	8 (50)	10 (83.3)	1 (33.3)	0.277
Follow-up (yr)	5.4 ± 3.7	3.6 ± 3.5	4.4 ± 5	7.6 ± 5.8	5.4 ± 5.9	6.3 ± 3.7	0.223
White blood cells (±SD) (per mm^3)	7.5 ± 3.4^∗	6.3 ± 1.5^#	6.2 ± 2^†	7.1 ± 2.5^‡	7.6 ± 3	14.1 ± 16^∗,#,†,‡	0.006
Hemoglobin (±SD) (gr/dl)	11.3 ± 2.5	12.3 ± 2.7	10.2 ± 1.6^∗	12.7 ± 2.0^∗	11.3 ± 2	13.3 ± 0.9	0.002
Platelets (±SD) (per mm^3)	219 ± 102.6^∗	193.2 ± 47.8	209 ± 112.3^#	306.6 ± 154.8^∗,#	245 ± 39.2	188.7 ± 52.6	0.46
Albumin (±SD) (g/dl)	3.1 ± 0.8^∗	3.6 ± 0.7	5.4 ± 3^∗,#,†	2.8 ± 0.7^†	3.4 ± 0.6^#	3.7 ± 0.7	<0.001
sCr (±SD) (mg/dl)	2.68 ± 2.1^∗	2.7 ± 2.9	4.3 ± 2.9^∗,#	1.4 ± 1^#	2.4 ± 1.6	0.93 ± 0.1	<0.001
eGFR (±SD) (ml/min)	35.2 ± 29.3	43.5 ± 30.3	28.4 ± 28.9^∗	61.6 ± 31.1^∗	39.9 ± 30.4	62.7 ± 7.4	0.004
Ca (±SD) (mg/dl)	8.5 ± 1^∗	8.6 ± 0.8^#	9 ± 1.1^∗,#,†	9 ± 2.1	8 ± 1	9.6 ± 0.6^†	<0.001
Urine protein-to-sCr ratio (±SD)	5.1 ± 6.5	1.4 ± 1.1	3.2 ± 4.6^∗	13.5 ± 7.5^∗	1.6 ± 2.9	0.3 ± 0.2	0.042
Serum M-protein (±SD) (gr/dl)	0.6 ± 0.5	0.8 ± 0.7	1.12 ± 1	0.7 ± 0.5	0.6 ± 0.4	NA	0.5
FLC k (±SD) (mg/dl)	302 ± 177.8	228.5 ± 161.5	411.5 ± 514.4	140 ± 101.5	319.3 ± 178.1	254 ± 173.1	0.08
FLC λ (±SD) (mg/dl)	172.5 ± 159.3	260.6 ± 196.2	187.2 ± 231.1	200.4 ± 208.7	148.8 ± 115.2	140.8 ± 117.9	0.868
Urine M-protein (%)	28.2	71.4	100^#,∗,†,‡	68.7^#	50^†	33.3^‡	<0.001

CKD, chronic kidney disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; FLC, free light chain; HL, Hodgkin lymphoma; NHL, non-Hodgkin lymphoma; MGUS, monoclonal gammopathy of indeterminate significance; MM, multiple myeloma; M-protein, monoclonal protein; sCr, serum creatinine; SD, standard deviation; SMM, smoldering multiple myeloma. The symbols ^∗,#,†, and ‡ indicate statistical significance among the single variables.