Construct, Face, and Content Validation on Voxel-Man® Simulator for Otologic Surgical Training

Table 2

Injuries of structures at risk.

	Novice group	Expert group
	Total injuries	894	125
9 (5.25–15.75)		6 (4.5–11)
Injury of the dura	175	45
	1.5 (1–3.75)	3 (1.5–4)
Injury of the sigmoid sinus	81	30
	0.5 (0–2)	1 (0–2.5)
Injury to the brain	20	9
	0 (0-0)	0 (0-1)
Injury of the auditory ossicles	218	37
	2.5 (1–5.75)	2 (1–3.5)
Injury of the vestibular labyrinth	65	2
	0 (0-1)	0 (0-0)
Injury of the chorda tympani	2	0
	0 (0-0)	0 (0-0)
Injury of the facial nerve	8	0
	0 (0-0)	0 (0-0)
Injury of the posterior wall of the outer ear canal	325	2
	1 (0–3)	0 (0-0)

Results represent occurrence and median (interquartile range).
indicates significant differences between the expert and novice groups.