Research Article
Environmental and Life-Style Related Risk Factors for Sinonasal and Nasopharyngeal Malignancies among a Prospective Cohort in Jos, Nigeria
Table 4
Multivariate logistic regression showing odds ratios (95% CI) and p-values of covariates as risks for malignancy.
| | Variable (Risk) | Sites | | NP | MA | NC | NM | NE |
| | Alcohol | 1.86(0.55-6.28;p=0.83) | 0.75(1.16-3.60;p=0.01) | 0.64(1.05-7.62;p=<0.01) | 0.60(1.13-2.76;p=0.01) | 0.63(0.33-1.20;p=0.1) | | Cooking wood | 0.05(1.22-2.57;p=0.02) | 1.01(1.61-12.17;p=<0.01) | 9.67(1.87-9.88;p=0.01) | 2.73(1.61-12.17;p=<0.01) | 1.67(1.95-2.95;p=0.04) | | Fertilizer | 1.20(0.27-5.26;p=0.81) | 8.0(1.41—45.23;p=0.02) | 8.67(2.25-35.0;p=0.04) | 6.20(1.16-33.17;p=0.02) | 0.24(1.12-4.11;p=0.04) | | Herbicides | 1.13(0.22-5.78;p=0.63) | 2.07(1.32-13.27;p=<0.01) | 11.67(2.91-49.7;p=0.05) | 0.10(1.01-12.6;p=0.03) | 4.71(1.56-39.4;p=<0.01) | | Pesticides | 0.24(0.13-4.42p=0.07) | 0.80(1.00-1.35;p=0.24) | 0.60(1.03-3.72;p=0.03) | 0.33(0.62-1.92;p=0.16) | 0.36(0.37-2.10;p=0.82) | | Tobacco | 0.25(0.02-2.58;p=0.24) | 0.62(0.19-2.0;p=0.4) | 6.32(1.44-9.80;p=<0.01) | 1.40(0.80-2.47;p=0.2) | 0.28(0.18-1.41;p=0.06) | | Wood dust | 0.01(0.20-11.45;p=0.42) | 4.80(2.95-24.23;p=0.05) | 0.01(1.30-9.14;p=<0.01) | 4.66(1.10-13.05;p=0.04) | 0.71(0.40-1.01;p=0.4) |
|
|
CI: confidence interval; NP: nasopharynx; MA: maxillary antrum; NC: nasal cavity; NM: nasomaxillary; NE: nasoethmoidal.
|
