Hydrothermal Preparation of Gd³⁺-Doped Titanate Nanotubes: Magnetic Properties and Photovoltaic Performance

Table 1

Magnetic parameters of 𝑥Gd-(100-𝑥)H₂Ti₅𝑂₁₁(𝑥%Gd³⁺-TNTs) where (x = 2,5,7).

X (mole % Gd)	𝜃𝑝, K, ± 0.04381	𝐶𝑀, emu/mol, ± 0.17645	𝜒dia., ± 0.00463	𝐽, x10^-3	𝜇eff., 𝜇𝐁
2	-0.238	9.594	0.00054	24.86	6.19
5	-0.476	22.127	0.00467	21.53	6.16
7	-0.522	26.413	0.00026	19.77	5.49