Review Article

Development of Visible Light-Responsive Sensitized Photocatalysts

Table 1

The photocatalytic hydrogen evolution by sensitized photocatalysts under visible light irradiation.

No.CatalystReaction conditionsIrradiation typeHydrogen evolution (μmol/h)Apparent quantum efficiencyReferences

(1)Eosin Y sensitized 1.0 wt% CuO/TiO2Catalyst: 20 mg; 70 mL 15% diethanol amine (DEA) H2O; DEA as sacrifice electron donorsA 200 W halogen lamp with a cut-off filter (  nm)10.565.1%[16]
(2)Eosin Y sensitized 0.5 wt% Pt/N-TiO2-300°CCatalyst: 0.100 g; 80 mL 0.79 mol/L triethanolamine (TEA) solution as sacrifice electron donors; pH 7.0; initially N2-saturatedA 400 W high pressure Hg lamp with a cut-off filter (  nm)Average about 80Unclear[17]
(3)Eosin Y–Fe3+(1 : 1)–1.0 wt% Pt/TiO2Catalyst: 0.100 g; 80 mL 0.79 mol/L TEA solution as sacrifice electron donors; pH 7.0; initially N2-saturatedA metal halide lamp (400 W) with a cut-off filter (  nm)27519.1%[18]
(4)Eosin Y sensitized 1.0 wt% Pt/Ti-MCM-41 zeoliteCatalyst: 40 mg; 80 mL 15% TEA H2O; TEA as sacrifice electron donors; pH 7.0; initially Ar atmosphereA 300 W tungsten halogen lamp with a cut-off filter (  nm)~1012.01%[19]
(5)Eosin Y sensitized 0.5 wt% Pt/SrTiO3Catalyst: 0.2 g; 150 mL 15% DEA H2O; DEA as sacrifice electron donors; pH 11.6; initially Ar atmosphereA 300 W Xe arc lamp with a cut-off filter (  nm)~3Unclear[20]
(6)Eosin Y sensitized 1.0 wt% Rh/TiO2Catalyst: 20 mg; 70 mL, 15% DEA H2O; DEA as sacrifice electron donors; initially Ar atmosphereA 200 W halogen lamp with a cut-off filter (  nm)14.637.10%[21]
(7)Eosin Y sensitized 0.1 wt% Pt/TiO2Catalyst: 0.3 g; 250 mL, 15% DEA H2O; DEA as sacrifice electron donors; initially Ar atmosphereA 300 W Xe lamp with a cut-off filter (  nm)Average about 6510%[22]
(8)Eosin Y sensitized 1.0 wt% Pt/multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)Catalyst: 20 mg; 80 mL, 15% TEA H2O; TEA as sacrifice electron donors; initially Ar atmosphereA 300 W tungsten halogen lamp with a cut-off filter (  nm)54.2012.14%[23]
(9)Merocyanine sensitized 1.0 wt% Pt/TiO2Catalyst: 50 mg; 100 mL 95% AN-H2O; acetonitrile and I anions as sacrifice electron donorsA 300 W Xe lamp with a cut-off filter (  nm)Average about 17~2%[33]
(10)Merocyanine and coumarin dyes sensitized 1.0 wt% Pt/TiO2Catalyst: 50 mg; 100 mL 95% AN-H2O; acetonitrile and I anions as sacrifice electron donorsA 300 W Xe lamp with a cut-off filter (  nm)Unclear1.8% for M–Pt/TiO2 and 2.5% for C–Pt/TiO2[31, 32]
(11)Ru complex sensitized 0.1 wt% Pt/NS-K4Nb6O17Catalyst: 5.0 mg; aqueous solution (2.0 mL) containing 10 mM EDTA as an electron donor; initially Ar atmosphereA xenon lamp (300 W) with a cut-off filter (  nm)3.610.5%[63]
(12)3.1 wt% WS2 sensitized 1 wt% Pt/TiO2Catalyst: 0.2 g, 200 mL aqueous solution; Na2S as the hole scavengerA 350 W Xe lamp with a cut-off filter (  nm)2.13Unclear[9]
(13)Carboxylate versus phosphonate in Ru-complex-sensitized 3.0 wt% Pt/TiO2Catalyst: 15 mg; EDTA as sacrifice electron donorsA 450 W Xe lamp with a cut-off filter (  nm)Maxima about 13222.4%[57]
(14)Sensitization of TiO2 film with zinc-substituted cytochromeEDTA as a sacrificial electron donor100 W tungsten halogen lamp with filters (  nm)About 1020 for the first 20 min of illumination %[64]
(15)Ru-, Rh-, and Ir-doped SrTiO3 loaded with Pt cocatalysts (0.1 wt%)Catalyst: 300 mg; 380 mL of 10 vol% aqueous MeOHA 300 W Xe lamp with cut-off filters (  nm)Maxima about 1175.2% at 420 nm[65]