Photodynamic Action of LED-Activated Curcumin against Staphylococcus aureus Involving Intracellular ROS Increase and Membrane Damage

Figure 2

Membrane permeability of S. aureus was observed under CLSM with PI staining after LED light-activated curcumin (2.5 μM, 3 J/cm²). (a) Sham control; (b) curcumin treatment alone; (c) blue light irradiation alone; (d) blue light-activated curcumin.

(a)

(b)

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