Enhancing the Efficiency of Polymer Solar Cells by Modifying Buffer Layer with N,N-Dimethylacetamide

Figure 8

AFM images of different PEDOT:PSS devices. (a) Only PEDOT:PSS solution on ITO at the speed of 3000 rpm. (b) The PEDOT:PSS and DMAC mixed in a ratio of 4 : 1 (v/v) at the speed of 3000 rpm. (c), (d), and (e) The PEDOT:PSS buffer layer modified by DMAC at speeds (1000, 3000, and 5000 rpm).

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)