Controlled Assembly of Nanorod TiO₂ Crystals via a Sintering Process: Photoanode Properties in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Table 3

Photovoltaic performance of DSSCs using water-based TiO₂ nanofluids. Two different sintering strategies were used to manufacture semiconductor on FTO substrate. Sintering strategy: (i) sintered at 500°C for 60 minutes. The temperature raised and decreased to 500°C with speed of 100 rpm per hour and (ii) the temperature raised to 500°C with speed of 100 rpm per 6 min and decreased to ambient temp. with speed of 100 rpm per hour.

TiO2 nanofluid (weight%)	Sintering strategy	Thickness (μm)	Voc (mV)	Jsc (mA/cm^2)	FF	η (%)
SA-TiO2 20 wt% and BR-TiO2 20 wt%	(i)	4.5	709	9.31	0.64	4.22
SA-TiO2 20 wt% and BR-TiO2 20 wt%	(ii)	4	680	9.58	0.62	4.04