Multiple DGs for Reducing Total Power Losses in Radial Distribution Systems Using Hybrid WOA-SSA Algorithm

Table 6

Performance of WOA-SSA compared with those of the standard case without a DG unit, RLF method, WOA, and SSA on an IEEE 123-bus RDN with a single DG.

Particulars	Base case without DG	Algorithms
		RLF	WOA	SSA	WOA-SSA
Optimal location	—	67	67	67	67
Optimal DG size (kW)	—	1978.595	2020.456	2017.729	1979
Total power losses (kW)	95.434	70.17	70.598	70.246	70.17
% power loss reduction	—	26.5%	26%	26.4%	26.5%
Minimum voltage (p.u.), bus	0.98401, 65	0.97884, 65	0.97173, 65	0.97824, 65	0.97884, 65
Maximum voltage (p.u.), bus	1.0481, 83	1.047, 83	1.0477, 83	1.0477, 83	1.047, 83
Mean voltage (p.u.)	1.0207	1.0171	1.0186	1.0173	1.0171
Standard deviation voltage (p.u.)	0.018416	0.016418	0.018971	0.016546	0.01642
Computational time (S)	—	90156	230	256	161