Improvement of Heat Pipe Solar Collector Thermal Efficiency Using Al₂O₃/Water and TiO₂/Water Nanofluids

Table 3

Thermophysical properties of nanofluids.

Working fluid	Density (kg/m^3)	Specific heat (kJ/kgK)	Thermal conductivity (W/mK)	Viscosity (kgm^-1 s^-1)
				20°C	40°C	60°C	80°C
Pure water	998	4.18	0.607	0.98	0.64	0.45	0.35
Al2O3/water	1056	4.32	0.665773	1.02	0.82	0.61	0.42
TiO2/water	1015	4.26	0.662310	1.01	0.92	0.67	0.54