20 Years of Research on Socioeconomic Inequality and Children's—Unintentional Injuries Understanding the Cause-Specific Evidence at Hand
Table 1
Overview of studies on socioeconomic disparities in childhood injuries by injury cause.
Injury cause
Severity outcome
Relationship between deprivation/ socioeconomic disadvantage and injury
Study analytical level
Mortality/morbidity ()
Countries ()
Positive
Negative
None
Traffic aggregated ( )
Individual-level
3
Mortality (2); Both combined (1)
South Korea (1); Sweden (1); United Kingdom (1)
3
Area-level
3
Morbidity (2); Mortality (2)
Australia (1); Canada (1); United Kingdom (1)
2
1
Multilevel
1
Mortality (1)
South Korea (1)
1
Pedestrian ( )
Individual- level
7
Morbidity (4); Mortality (3)
Peru (1); Sweden (3); United Kingdom (3)
7
Area-level
16
Morbidity (13); Mortality (1); Both combined (2)
Australia (1); Canada (4); Greece (1); Ireland (1); Sweden (1); United Kingdom (7); USA (1)
16
Multilevel
1
Morbidity (1)
Sweden (1)
1
1
Bicyclist ( )
Individual-level
5
Morbidity (3); Mortality (2)
Sweden (3); United Kingdom (2)
5
Area-level
8
Morbidity (8)
Australia (1); Canada (1); Ireland (1); Sweden (2); United Kingdom (3);
6
2
Multilevel
1
Morbidity (1)
Sweden (1)
1
Motorcycle/moped ( )
Individual-level
2
Morbidity (2)
Sweden (2)
2
Area-level
3
Morbidity (3)
Australia (1); Sweden (2)
1
2
Multilevel
0
Car occupant ( )
Individual-level
7
Morbidity (6); Mortality (1)
Sweden (6); United Kingdom (1)
7
Area-level
9
Morbidity (7); Mortality (1); Both combined (1)
Australia (1); Canada (2); Ireland (1); Sweden (2); United Kingdom (2); USA (1)
7
2
Multilevel
1
Morbidity (1)
Sweden (1)
1
Drowning ( )
Individual-level
2
Mortality (1); Both (1)
Bangladesh (1); South Korea (1)
1
1
Area-level
0
Multilevel
1
Mortality (1)
South Korea (1)
1
Poisoning ( )
Individual-level
4
Morbidity (3); Mortality (1)
Canada (1); Denmark (1); Peru (1); United Kingdom (1)
3
1
Area-level
7
Morbidity (7)
Australia (1); Canada (1); Ireland (1); Sweden (1); United Kingdom (3)
6
2
Multilevel
0
Burn ( )
Individual-level
8
Morbidity (5); Mortality (3)
Canada (1); Denmark (1); Ghana (1); Peru (2); United Kingdom (2); United States (1)
7
3
Area-level
10
Morbidity (7); Mortality (1); Both combined (2)
Australia (1); Canada (1); Ireland (1); South Africa (1); Sweden (1); United Kingdom (2); United States (3)
8
1
2
Multilevel
0
Fall ( )
Individual-level
4
Morbidity (2); Mortality (1); Both combined (1)
Denmark (1); Peru (1); Sweden (1); United Kingdom (1)
4
2
Area-level
13
Morbidity (11); Mortality (1); Both combined (1)
Australia (1); Canada (3); Ireland (1); Sweden (4); United Kingdom (3); United States (1)
10
4
7
Multilevel
1
Mortality (1)
South Korea (1)
1
Note As a study can have results for more than one analyses (e.g., for different SES measures or at two different time periods), the numbers here may exceed the number of studies.
