Research Article
[Retracted] The Association between the Parents’ Knowledge of Carbohydrate Counting and the Glycaemic Control of the Children with Type 1 Diabetes
Table 2
Knowledge of carbohydrate counting expressed with categories and its associations.
| | Mean ± SD | Total | Breakfast | Lunch | Dinner | Snacks |
| Parental age | | | | | | Under estimation | 38.92±5.44 | 38.97±5.71 | 38.23±5.35 | 38.92±5.51 | 40.93±4.48 | Accurate estimation | 39.00±7.08 | 39.69±5.79 | 38.80±6.55 | 39.80±6.81 | 38.83±5.95 | Over estimation | 38.44±5.59 | 36.63±6.20 | 39.66±5.48 | 37.00±4.75 | 37.18±7.28 |
| Duration of Diabetes (years) | | | | | | Under estimation | 4.77±1.83 | 4.26±3.02 | 3.98±3.04 | 3.78±2.85 | 4.26±3.14 | Accurate estimation | 2.96±1.85 | 3.27±2.25 | 3.36±2.49 | 3.55±2.23 | 3.11±1.31 | Over estimation | 4.48±1.85† | 4.56±2.37† | 3.84±2.02 | 3.89±3.09 | 4.33±1.17† |
| HbA1c Level (%) | | | | | | Under estimation | 8.40±0.98 | 8.30±1.05 | 8.86±0.98 | 8.52±0.84 | 8.17±1.24 | Accurate estimation | 8.06±0.98 | 8.39±0.94 | 8.11±0.89 | 8.16±0.92 | 8.16±1.21 | Over estimation | 8.53±0.90† | 8.25±1.03 | 8.26±0.93 | 8.22±1.07 | 8.37±0.82 |
|
|
p<0.01; †p<0.05. Values in the same column with the same superscript are significantly different from each other. |