Infants Born Large for Gestational Age and Developmental Attainment in Early Childhood

Table 2

Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) for poor verbal ability in girls and boys aged 4-5 years.

Variables	Girls		Boys
	Unadjusted ORs (95% CI)	Adjusted ORs (95% CI)	Unadjusted ORs (95% CI)	Adjusted ORs (95% CI)
		Adjusted		Adjusted
		Size for gestational age
Appropriate for gestational age	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Large for gestational age	1.08 (0.43, 2.69)	1.16 (0.49, 2.72)	0.85 (0.39, 1.82)	0.83 (0.37, 1.87)
Prenatal
Marital status
Married	Ref	NS	Ref	NS
Living common law	1.36 (0.71, 2.58)		1.81 (0.99, 3.30)
Widowed/separated/divorced/single	4.87 (1.88, 12.66)		2.44 (0.79, 7.59)
Maternal country of birth
Canada	Ref	NS	NS	NS
Other	2.01 (0.86, 4.68)
Maternal race
White	Ref	Ref	NS	NS
Other	4.19 (1.69, 10.39)	2.91 (1.13, 7.74)
Maternal level of education
<Secondary or secondary grad	Ref	NS	3.10 (1.61, 5.96)	3.01 (1.52, 5.96)
Some postsecondary	1.60 (0.62, 4.12)		2.04 (1.05, 3.96)	1.93 (0.98, 3.79)
College/university/other	2.03 (0.73, 5.64)		Ref	Ref
Income status
Low income	3.87 (1.80, 8.32)	4.28 (1.90, 9.61)	2.48 (1.15, 5.36)	NS
Not low income	Ref	Ref	Ref
Parity
1	Ref	NS	Ref	NS
2	1.13 (0.46, 2.78)		1.37 (0.73, 2.54)
≥3	2.856 (1.25, 6.53)		2.23 (1.08, 4.61)
Postnatal
Breastfeeding practices
Never or up to 4 weeks	1.91 (0.52, 6.94)	1.90 (0.56, 6.49)	NS	NS
5 weeks to 6 months	3.47 (1.67, 7.23)	3.55 (1.68, 7.49)
Greater than 6 months	Ref	Ref
How often you read to this child?
Rarely, never, or a few times a month	2.22 (0.77, 6.45)	NS	3.26 (1.42, 7.46)	3.06 (1.29, 7.34)
Once a week or a few times a week	2.69 (1.41, 5.17)		2.82 (1.44, 5.49)	1.93 (0.98, 3.81)
Daily	Ref		Ref	Ref
Maternal depression	NS	NS	1.07 (1.01, 1.13)	NS
Parenting score (rationality)	1.12 (0.96, 1.31)	NS	NS	NS

, , and NS = not significant at level.