Predictors of Toxoplasma gondii IgG Seropositivity and Cranial Ultrasound Patterns among Children with Hydrocephalus

Table 5

Risk factors associated with T. gondii seropositivity among infants with hydrocephalus and their mothers.

Factors	Toxoplasma seroprevalence		Bivariate RR [95% CI]	value	aRR [95% CI]	value
	IgG Neg (%)	IgG Pos (%)
Age
Neonates	22 (73.3)	8 (26.7)
Early infancy	36 (75.0)	12 (25.0)	1.0 [0.8–1.2]	0.867	1.0 [0.8–1.2]	0.912
Late infancy	38 (80.9)	9 (19.2)	0.9 [0.8–1.1]	0.450	0.9 [0.7–1.0]	0.133
Gender
Female	40 (81.6)	9 (18.4)
Male	56 (73.7)	20 (26.3)	1.1 [0.9–1.3]	0.306	1.1 [0.9–1.5]	0.049
Education
Incomplete	23 (69.7)	10 (30.3)
Primary	58 (81.7)	13 (18.3)	0.9 [0.7–1.1]	0.179	0.9 [0.7–1.1]	0.211
Secondary and above	15 (71.4)	6 (28.6)	0.9 [0.8–1.2]	0.884	0.9 [0.8–1.2]	0.648
Maternal age
<35 yrs	90 (78.3)	25 (21.7)
>35 yrs	6 (60.0)	4 (40.0)	1.2 [0.9–1.6]	0.190	1.1 [0.9–1.5]	0.391
Order of birth
2^nd-4^th born	47 (88.7)	6 (11.3)
1^st born	27 (73.0)	10 (27.0)	1.2 [1.0–1.3]	0.076	1.2 [1.0–1.4]	0.038
5^th born and above	22 (62.9)	13 (37.1)	1.3 [1.0–1.5]	0.004	1.2 [1.0–1.5]	0.023
Types of meat consumed
Fish
No	94 (79.0)	25 (21.0)
Yes	2 (33.3)	4 (66.7)	1.6 [1.1–2.2]	0.008	1.6 [1.2–2.3]	0.003
Pork
No	94 (77.7)	27 (27.3)
Yes	2 (50.0)	2 (50.0)	1.3 [0.9–2.0]	0.197	1.1 [0.7–1.6]	0.801
Sheep
No	94 (77.7)	27 (22.3)
Yes	2 (50.0)	2 (50.0)	1.3 [0.9–2.0]	0.197	1.2 [0.8–2.0]	0.355
Meat preparation
Boiling	95 (78.5)	26 (21.5)
Other methods	1 (25.0)	3 (75.0)	1.7 [1.1–2.6]	0.011	1.7 [1.1–2.5]	0.015
Maternal (S)
No	68 (73.9)	24 (26.1)
Yes	28 (84.9)	5 (15.2)	0.9 [0.8–1.1]	0.202	0.8 [0.7–1.0]	0.037
Sibling with hydrocephalus
No	96 (77.4)	28 (22.6)
Yes	0 (0)	1 (100)	2.1 [0.9–5.0]	0.066	1.5 [0.6–3.7]	0.390

aRR = adjusted risk ratio. Mothers/guardians’ characteristics.