Research Article

Nociceptin Signaling Involves a Calcium-Based Depolarization in Tetrahymena thermophila

Table 1

Nociceptin cross-adaptation studies. Cells were adapted to a given ligand by incubating them in that ligand for 10–15 minutes or until avoidance behavior ceased. Cells were then moved into another ligand and were scored positively or negatively for avoidance. Cross-adaptation with various analogues of nociceptin all show avoidance values that are at or below baseline (≤20%; [10]). However, cross-adaptation with the polycationic peptide, PACAP, does not cross-adapt with nociception, implying that nociception is using a pathway that is distinct from the previously described lysozyme/PACAP receptor [10, 15]. represents the number of trials conducted. Each trial consisted of 10 cells, which were individually scored as positive or negative for avoidance.

NociceptinNociceptin-NH2Nociceptin Arg14Lys15PACAP 1-38

Nociceptin9.2 ± 8.25 ± 8.30 ± 096.6 ± 5.8
Nociceptin-NH25 ± 7.516.9 ± 12.214.5 ± 12.4100 ± 0
Nociceptin Arg14Lys153.3 ± 5.813.3 ± 12.116.6 ± 16.391.25 ± 9.9
PACAP 1-3897.5 ± 4.6100 ± 0100 ± 013.3 ± 5.8