Marker-Assisted Breeding as Next-Generation Strategy for Genetic Improvement of Productivity and Quality: Can It Be Realized in Cotton?

Table 1

Details on mapping population, markers, linkage maps, QTLs, and maximum phenotypic variation identified for fiber quality traits in cotton.

Species involved^a	Population		Markers^c	No. of mapped loci	Map length (cM)	Total linkage groups	Major QTL reported for	Chr./LG^d	Maximum phenotypic variance observed (%)	Ref.^e
	Type^b	Size
Gh (palmeri) × Gb (K101)	F2	57	RFLP	705	4675	41	—			[9]
Gh (CAMD-E) × Gb (Sea Island Seaberry)	F2	271	RFLP	261	3767	27	Fibre strength	D02	13.3	[20]
							Fibre length	D03	14.7
							Fibre thickness	Chr.10	12.6
							Fibre elongation	A02	14.0
							Earliness	D04	8.1
Gh (HS46) × Gh (MARCABUCAG8US-1-88)	F2 and F3	96	RFLP	120	865	31	Seed index	LG4	—	[21, 22]
							Micronaire	LG6	—
							Elongation percentage	LG4	—
							Bundle strength	LG6	—
							2.5 per cent span length	LG3	—
							Plant height	LG6	—
Gh (Deltapine 61) × Gb (Sea Island Seaberry)	F2	180	RFLP	—	3664	26	—			[23]
Gh (NM24016) × Gb (TM1)	F2:3	118	RAPD and SSR	—	1058	28	—			[24]
Gh (MD5678ne) × Gh (Prema)	F2:3	119	RFLP	81	700.7	17	Fibre strength	LG1	35.2	[15]
							Elongation percentage	LG3	15.3
							2.5 per cent span length	15	44.6
							Micronaire	1	40.0
							Uniformity ratio	7	33.6
							Lint yield	10	9.2
								17	15.7
Gh (TM 1) × Gb (3-79)	F2	171	RFLP, RAPD, and SSR	—	4766	50	Fibre strength	Chr.25b	23.1	[25]
							Fibre length	Chr.4a	12.6
							Micronaire	Chr.1a	43.9
Gh (Siv’on) × Gb (F-177)	F2	430	RFLP	253	—	—	Seed cotton yield	Chr.14	20.5	[26]
							Boll weight	Chr.15	23.1
							Boll number	Chr.4	17.7
							Fiber length	Chr.6	13.7
							Fiber length uniformity	Chr.7	13.3
							Fiber strength	Chr.21	17.4
							Fiber elongation	Chr.9	7.3
							Fiber fineness	Chr.25	30.3
							Fiber colour	Chr.11	14.9
Gh × Gh	F2:3	569	RFLP	284	1502.6	47	—			[27]
Gh (Siv’on) × Gb (F-177)	F2; F3	406; 208	RFLP	—	—	—	Fibre length	Chr.9	13.7	[28, 29]
							Fibre elongation	Chr.5	7.3
							Bundle strength	Chr.1	17.4
							Micronaire	Chr.2	30.3
Gh (TM 1) × G. anomalum (7235)	F2 and F3	186	SSR and RAPD	—	—	—	Fibre strength	Chr.10	30.0	[30]
Gh (Handan208) × Gh (Pima90)	F2	129	SRAP	237	3030.7	39	—	—	—	[31]
(Gh (TM 1) × Gb (Hai7124)) × TM1	BC1F1	140	EST-SSR	624	5644.3	34	—	—	—	[32, 33]
Gh (Acala 44) × Gb (Pima S7)	F2	94	AFLP, SSR, and RFLP	392	3287	42	Fibre length	4	24.0	[34]
							Fibre elongation	9	42.0
							Fiber fineness	LG35	43.0
							Fiber tenacity	5	40.0
							Seed weight	4	23.0
							Number of seeds	9	22.0
(Gh (Tamcot 2111) × Gb (Pima S6)) × Tamcot 2111	BC3F2	3662	RFLP	—	—	—	Elongation percentage	Chr.1	28.0	[35]
Gh (Palmeri) × Gb (K101)	F2	57	RFLP	2584	4447.9	26	—	—	—	[36]
G. trilobum (Skovsted) × G. raimondii (Ulbr)	F2	62	RFLP	763	1493.3	13	—	—	—	[36]
Gh (Acala 44) × Gb (Pima S-7)	F2	110	SSR	35	531	11	—	—	—	[37]
(Gh (Guazuncho 2) × Gb (VH8)) × Guazuncho 2	BC1 and BC2	200	SSR and RFLP	1306	5597	26	Fibre length	Chr.3	14.8	[38–40]
							Fibre strength	Chr.3	21.3
							Elongation percentage	Chr.9	21.3
							Micronaire	Chr.3	29.1
Gh (Handan208) × Gb (Pima90)	F2 and F2:3	69	SSR, SRAP, RAPD, and REMAPs	1029	5472.3	26	Fibre strength	A02a	37.1	[41–43]
							Fibre length	A02	48.8
							Micronaire	A03	28.92
							Lint index	Chr.23	36.8
							Seed index	Chr.6	38.5
							Seed cotton yield	Chr.7b	39.0
							Number of seeds per boll	Chr.14	38.1
Gh (TM1) × Gb (Pima 3-79)	RILs	183	EST-SSR	193	1277	19 + 11 LG	Fibre length	Chr.2	5.2	[44]
							Micronaire	Chr.3	14.1
							Bundle strength	Chr.15	5.4
								Chr.18	6.3
							Elongation percentage	A01	10.9
Gh (7235) × Gb (TM-1)	F2 and F2:3	163	SSR	86	666.7	21	Fibre length	Chr.25	27.2	[45]
HS427-10 × TM-1	F2 and F2:3	169	SSR	56	557.8	17	Micronaire	Chr.25	21.8
PD6992 × SM 3	F2 and F2:3	142	SSR	73	588	22	Fibre strength	LGD03	31.0
							Elongation percentage	LGD03	12.6
Gh (TMS22) × G. tomentosum (WT936)	F2	82	SSR	589	4259.4	52	—	—	—	[46]
Gh (Yumian 1) × Gh (T586)	F2 and F2:3	117	SSR and AFLP	70	525	20	2.5 per cent span length	Chr.6	27.4	[47]
							Fibre strength	A02/D03	20.2
							Lint percentage	18/20	30.5
							Elongation	Chr.5	10.9
							Fineness	Chr.5	15.9
Gh (TM 1) × Gb (3-79)	RILs	183	SSR	433	2126.3	46	Elongation	Chr.03	14.5	[48]
							Bundle strength	Chr.18	6.5
							Fineness	Chr.3	17.2
							2.5 per cent span length	Chr.18	9.0
Gh (TM1) × Gh (7235)	RILs	258	SSR	110	810.07	22	Fiber strength	D03	26.01	[49]
							Fiber length	LG03	9.89
							Micronaire	LG03	16.14
							Fiber elongation	A03	5.42
							Maturity	D03	27.06
							Boll size	A03	8.54
							Lint percentage	Chr.22	10.21
							Seed index	D03	28.07
							Bolls per plant	D03	25.52
							Seed cotton yield	D03	15.54
							Lint yield	D03	15.08
Gh (Xiangzamian 2) × Gh (Zhongmiansuo I2)	RILs	180	SSR, AFLP, RAPD, and SRAP	132	865.2	26	Fibre length	D02	14.79	[50, 51]
							Bundle strength	D09	9.35
							Micronaire	D02	15.59
							Maturity	D02	10.75
							Elongation	D06	9.03
Gh (L-70) × Gh (L-47)	RILs	76	EST-SSR	—	—	—	Lint percentage	Chr.12	45.0	[52]
(Gh × Gb) × Gh	BC1F1	138	EST-SSR	1790	3425.8	26	—			[53]
Gh (7235) × Gh (TM-1)	RILs	207	SSR	156	1024.4	31	Fibre strength	D08	16.15	[54]
							Fibre length	D09	7.71
							Micronaire	D08	10.91
							Elongation percentage	LGU03	6.89
							Seed index	D08	16.25
							Number of bolls per plant	D08	14.16
							Seed cotton yield	D08	20.70
							Lint yield	D08	18.32
							Lint percent	A03	11.40
Gh (Yumian 1) × Gh (T586)	RILs	270	SSR	19	96.2	1	Lint percentage	6	7.90	[55, 56]
							Fiber length	6	33.36
							Uniformity	6	25.57
							Fiber strength	6	39.69
Gh (Zhongmiansuo12) × Gh (8891)	RILs	180	SSR, AFLP, RAPD, and SRAP	132	865.20	26	Seed cotton yield	A09	5.10	[57]
							Lint yield	A09	4.10
							Boll weight	D02	6.30
							Lint percentage	A11	6.27
							Lint index	A10	14.92
							Seed index	D9	7.09
Gh × Gh	Im.F2	171	SSR, AFLP, RAPD, and SRAPs	149	1025.1	—	Fiber length	D02	23.33	[58]
							Fiber strength	D02	7.51
							Micronaire	A11	14.72
							Fiber uniformity; ratio	LG03	11.54
							Short fiber index	LG04	13.74
							Fiber elongation	D04	10.13
							Fiber maturity	LG08	17.03
Gh (CRI36) × Gb (Hai7124)	F2	186	SSR, TRAP, SRAP, and AFLP	1097	4536.7	35	—	—	—	[59]
Gh (Deltapine) × Gh (Texas 701)	F2	251	SSR	73	650.8	17	—	—	—	[60]
Gh (Handan 208) × Gb (Pima 90)	RILs	121	SSR	—	5472.3	26	Fiber length	A01	20.14	[61]
							Uniformity	A01	33.22
							Maturity	Chr.14	12.04
							Fiber strength	Chr.14	14.61
							Elongation	Chr.10	20.54
Gh (Pima 3-79) × Gh (NM 24016)	RILs	60	ATG-AFLP	92	—	19	—	—	—	[62]
Gh × Gh	4WC	273	SSR, EST-SSR	286	2113.3	56	Number of bolls pre plant	D02	10.20	[63]
							Seed index	D02	10.00
							Fibre length	A11	10.3
							Fibre strength	A10	14.00
Gh (DH962) × Gh (Jimian5)	F2	137	SRAP, SSR, RAPD and RGAP	471	3070.2	51	—	—	—	[64]
Gh (Guazuncho 2) × Gb (VH8-4602)	RILs	140	SSR and AFLP	800	2044	26	Fibre length	Chr.3	—	[65, 66]
							Micronaire	Chr.15	—
							Fiber colour	Chr.6, Chr.8, Chr.25	—
Gh (HS 46) × Gh (MARCABUCAG8US-1-88)	RILs	188	SSR	125	965	26	Micronaire	Chr.3	13.3	[67]
							2.5 per cent span length	Chr.12	38.6
							Elongation percentage	Chr.14	9.70
							Bundle strength	Chr.5	13.7
Gh (Yumian 1) × Gh (T586)	RILs	270	SSR and SRAP	604	3140.9	60	Fibre length	Chr.6	32.9	[56]
							Uniformity ratio	Chr.6	28.6
							Bundle strength	Chr.7	31.8
							Micronaire	Chr.7	24.7
							Elongation percentage	Chr.7	15.1
Gh × Gb	F2	214	SSR and AFLP	175	2030	42	—	—	—	[68]
(Gh (KC3) × Gb (Suvin)) × KC3	BC1 F1	62	SSR	57	911.6	19	Elongation per cent	19	13.4	[69, 70]
							2.5% span length	19	17.7
							Micronaire	25	14.7
Gh (MD17) × Gh (181)	F2	162	SSR, SNP	132	1003	33	Lint percentage	26	87.1	[71]
Gh (MD17) × Gh (FM966)	F2	100	SSR, SNP	115	779	29	Micronaire	Chr.2	12.4
							2.5% span length	Chr.10	15.7
							Fiber strength	Chr.16	11.1

^aGh: G. hirsutum; Gb: G. barbadense. ^bF₂: F₂ progenies; BC: Backcross progenies; RILs: recombinant inbred lines; Im.F₂: immortalized F₂ population; 4WC: four way cross populations; ^cRFLP: restriction fragment length polymorphism; SSR: simple sequence repeats; RAPD: randomly amplified polymorphic DNA; SRAP: sequence-related amplified polymorphism; EST-SSR: expressed sequence tags derived SSR; AFLP: amplified fragment length polymorphism; REMAPs: retrotransposons-based microsatellite amplified polymorphisms; TRAP: target region amplified polymorphism; ATG-AFLP: ATG sequence-specific AFLP; RGAP: resistance gene analogues polymorphism; SNP: single-nucleotide polymorphism. ^dChr./LG: chromosome number or linkage group.^eRef.: reference(s). (—): data not available.