Gender and Reproductive Outcomes: The Effects of a Radio Serial Drama in Northern Nigeria

Table 3

Estimates of the relative effects of a serial radio drama “Ruwan Dare” and gender on reproductive outcomes in four states in northern Nigeria (Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, and Sokoto), 2009.

Relative drama and gender effects	Currently using contraceptives for delaying or stopping		Discussed FP with family, friends, or neighbors in the last 3 months		Intends to use contraception for delaying or stopping		Would like to have no more children
	Adjusted odds ratio	95% CI	Adjusted odds ratio	95% CI	Adjusted odds ratio	95% CI	Adjusted odds ratio	95% CI
Normative beliefs model
Listened to Ruwan Dare (exposure).
1 = regular listener, 0 = nonlistener (ref.)		1.15–5.05		1.25–3.44	1.66	0.50–5.48	0.99	0.44–2.20
Discussed FP with spouse in the last 3 months.
1 = yes, 0 = no (ref.)		5.17–19.88	na	na		2.75–27.24		1.14–5.01
What do you consider to be the ideal marriage age for a female?
1 = 19 years+, 0 = 18 years and below (ref.)		1.18–5.59	na	na	na	na	na	na
Girls should be encouraged to continue their education to higher levels.
1 = agree, 0 = disagree (ref.)		1.42–12.33		1.37–5.49	5.01	0.70–35.66	na	na
A woman should be free to ask her husband to use a condom.
1 = agree, 0 = disagree (ref.)	na	na	na	na		1.81–32.1		1.26–11.46
Economic empowerment model
Listened to Ruwan Dare (exposure).
1 = regular listener, 0 = nonlistener (ref.)		1.30–5.93	na	na	na	na	1.07	0.46–2.52
Discussed FP with spouse in the last 3 months.
1 = yes, 0 = no (ref.)		5.30–22.01	na	na	na	na		1.13–5.58
What do you consider to be the ideal marriage age for a female?
1 = 19 years+, 0 = 18 years and below (ref.)		1.10–5.37	na	na	na	na	na	na
Girls should be encouraged to continue their education to higher levels.
1 = agree, 0 = disagree (ref.)		1.43–12.35	na	na	na	na	na	na
A woman should be free to ask her husband to use a condom.
1 = agree, 0 = disagree (ref.)	na	na	na	na	na	na		1.35–16.77
Who in your family usually has the final say on making large household purchases?
1 = jointly, 0 = spouse, respondent, others (ref.)		1.16–10.15	na	na	na	na		0.06–0.99
Domestic violence model
Listened to Ruwan Dare (exposure).
1 = regular listener, 0 = nonlistener (ref.)		1.11–5.54		1.27–3.59	1.88	0.55–6.46	1.03	0.44–2.45
Discussed FP with spouse in the last 3 months.
1 = yes, 0 = no (ref.)		6.33–28.23	na	na		2.57–26.56		1.15–5.72
What do you consider to be the ideal marriage age for a female?
1 = 19 years+, 0 = 18 years and below (ref.)	na	na	na	na	na	na	na	na
Girls should be encouraged to continue their education to higher levels
1 = agree, 0 = disagree (ref.)		1.44–13.87	na	na	4.74	0.66–34.17	na	na
Couples should share responsibility for making decisions about family size
1 = yes, 0 = no, DK (ref.)	na	na		1.37–5.64	na	na	na	na
A woman should be free to ask her husband to use a condom
1 = agree, 0 = disagree (ref.)	na	na	na	na		1.72–30.99		1.40–17.43
Who in your family usually has the final say on making large household purchases?
1 = jointly, 0 = spouse, respondent, others (ref.)		1.23–11.57	na	na	na	na		0.05–0.91
Do you think a wife is justified in refusing to have sex with her husband if she knows he has a sexually transmitted infection?
1 = yes, 0 = no, DK (ref.)		1.00–31.56	na	na	na	na	na	na
Do you think a wife is justified in refusing to have sex with her husband if she goes out without telling him?
1 = yes, 0 = no, DK (ref.)	na	na		1.09–4.31	na	na	na	na
Is a husband justified in hitting wife if she burns the food?
1 = no, 0 = yes, DK (ref.)	na	na	na	na	0.67	0.06–6.93	na	na
Is a husband justified in hitting wife if food is not cooked on time?
1 = no, 0 = yes, DK (ref.)	na	na	na	na	na	na	0.57	0.15–2.12

Differences between surveys and between listeners and nonlisteners are significant at , , .
na means coefficient was removed from the model because it was statistically nonsignificant.