Research Article

Gender Socialization: Differences between Male and Female Youth in India and Associations with Mental Health

Table 2

Gender socialization experiences (“Youth in India: Situation and Needs Study,” 2006–08 ( )).

Indicators FemaleMale

% youth whose families:
 Gave sons’ education more importance33.246.3***
 Allowed sons greater freedom52.268.6***
 Expected less domestic work from sons51.052.4***
% youth who never:
 Cooked/cleaned in homes1.530.1***
 Did any tasks outside home20.63.7***
% youth who ever:
 Witnessed parental violence21.122.8***
 Beaten by parents after age 12 18.847.2***
% youth able to make independent decision on:
 Choosing friends 90.494.5***
 Spending money49.272.4***
 Buying clothes and so on for self33.365.7***
% youth who are often able to:
 Express opinion before elders (aside from parents)30.438.4***
 Confront the person who wronged them34.043.3***
% youth with unescorted mobility inside village/neighborhood:
 A shop/market66.994.9***
 Visit a friend/relative63.089.9***
 Attend any program17.375.8***
% youth with unescorted mobility outside village/neighborhood:
 Visit a friend/relative22.382.0***
 Attend any program6.167.1***
 Entertainment 5.166.1***
% youth who:
 Owned and operated account 6.013.4***
 Owned but did not operate account 5.21.4***
% youth who believe:
 Educating girls is as important as educating boys77.862.6***
 Husband alone should not decide on spending household money74.767.0***
 Girls should be allowed to decide when they want to marry73.757.3***
 Woman does not need husband’s permission for most things35.028.4***
 Girls are usually as good as boys in studies81.276.6***
 Boys should do as much domestic work as girls44.343.0***
 Girls do not deserve to be teased if dressed provocatively57.746.2***
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Note: *** .