Research Article

The Effects of Declining Fertility on Household Socioeconomic Conditions in Tanzania: A Comparative Study of Urban versus Rural Areas of Kwimba District, Mwanza Region

Table 1

Descriptive data for weighted sample of women across study communities in Kwimba district.

⁢Ngudu urban⁢Nyamikoma
Women with no children
()
% or mean (SD)
Women with 1-2 children ()
% or mean (SD)
Women
with 3-4 children
()
% or mean (SD)
p value
(chi-squared or -test)
Women with no children ()
% or mean (SD)
Women with 1-2
children ()
% or mean (SD)
Women
with 3-4 children
()
% or mean (SD)
value
(chi-squared or t-test)

Age, M (SD)23.4 (5.7)26.3 (6.2)34.9 (7.3)<0.00117.6 (4.6)20.3 (4.9)28.9 (7.2)<0.001
Education (%)<0.001<0.001
None 19.8216.7636.6717.313.7617.57
Primary 9.447.169.668.578.598.23
Secondary 12.2112.0511.1310.4310.4611.13
Higher 43.2152.129.5544.2526.1244.79
Wealth (%)<0.001<0.001
Lowest 15.2112.2119.6712.6511.4511.22
Second 21.2914.8418.8616.3415.4313.12
Third 18.3218.7220.2317.3416.6516.22
Fourth 22.6125.1721.0320.1221.1319.21
Highest 22.5729.0720.2221.1219.2317.23
Residence % <0.001<0.001
Postpartum insusceptibility
M (SD) 1.83 (0.59)1.77 (0.48)1.82 (0.54)>0.051.76 (0.44)1.78 (0.41)1.69 (0.35)>0.05
Cost of living (%)93.561.82 (0.58)95.50<0.00190.331.78 (0.56)92.33<0.001
Social transformation1.92 (0.74)2.19 (0.73)2.26 (0.67)<0.0011.88 (0.67)1.79 (0.62)1.76 (0.66)<0.001

Comparing differences across the three parity groups. , , and   for Ngudu and , , and for Nyamikoma.
Source: Kwimba fertility survey, 2015.