Kenaf Bast Fibers—Part II: Inorganic Nanoparticle Impregnation for Polymer Composites

Table 2

Surface hardness and elastic modulus of the INI treated fibers.

INI treatment conditions		Surface hardness (MPa)			Elastic modulus (GPa)
Temperature (°C)	Na2CO3 : CaCl2, mol : mol	Mean	Stdev.	LSD	Mean	Stdev.	LSD
	Untreated fiber	287.91	113.75	A	4.64	1.73	A
100	1 : 1	264.83	26.36	A	4.88	0.43	A
100	1 : 2	272.31	51.35	A	5.40	0.68	A
130	1 : 1	423.25	47.89	B	7.08	0.78	B
130	1 : 2	458.19	112.81	B	8.21	1.03	B
160	1 : 1	213.26	87.56	A	4.30	1.00	A
160	1 : 2	295.57	42.39	A	5.28	0.50	A

Stdev.: means standard deviation. Average of four samples. Means with the different letter are significantly different at 𝛼=0.05.