Mixture Design Approach on the Physical Properties of Lignin-Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Xerogels

<div class="floats-full-page floats-full-page-other"><h2>Table 4</h2><div class="floats-full-page-caption">Water effect content in xerogels shrinkage and bulk density (mass fraction).</div><div class="floats-full-page-content"><table class="table-group" id="tab4"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="9"><hr /></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td align="left">Number</td><td align="center"><span style="width: 8.28119ptpx;"><svg height="8.8423pt" id="M61" style="vertical-align:-0.2064009pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 8.28119 8.8423" width="8.28119pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M610 18C585 26 567 34 540 68C517 97 499 128 476 171C452 215 425 276 413 304C496 332 570 394 570 494C570 555 545 595 509 619S419 650 364 650H139L133 622C216 615 219 612 203 527L129 132C112 40 105 36 23 28L17 0H279L285 28C199 34 194 40 211 132L239 284H284C320 284 334 275 351 236C374 182 394 140 420 93C459 23 495 -1 592 -8H600L610 18ZM480 485C480 424 449 372 403 342C374 323 338 316 293 316H245L291 562C296 589 301 601 311 608S337 618 358 618C432 618 480 575 480 485Z" id="g113-83"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="627" vert-adv-y="627"></glyph.data></g></svg></span></td><td align="center"><span style="width: 7.31558ptpx;"><svg height="8.68572pt" id="M62" style="vertical-align:-0.0498209pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 7.31558 8.68572" width="7.31558pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M541 160L512 170C485 116 462 88 439 67C411 41 376 35 318 35C272 35 238 37 224 48C207 61 205 85 212 121L290 533C305 611 308 615 391 622L397 650H139L133 622C217 615 221 612 206 533L126 118C111 41 103 34 23 26L17 0H474C489 31 528 124 541 160Z" id="g113-77"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="553" vert-adv-y="553"></glyph.data></g></svg></span></td><td align="center"><span style="width: 8.02022ptpx;"><svg height="8.68572pt" id="M63" style="vertical-align:-0.0498209pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 8.02022 8.68572" width="8.02022pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M584 650H137L131 622C214 614 217 612 200 521L125 127C109 41 101 35 23 28L17 0H288L294 28C201 35 193 42 209 128L242 309H348C440 309 442 300 443 226H471L510 422H482C452 354 449 348 357 348H251L295 575C302 609 304 615 338 615H426C502 615 517 604 526 581C534 560 536 524 537 492L565 494C574 554 583 631 584 650Z" id="g113-71"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="607" vert-adv-y="607"></glyph.data></g></svg></span></td><td align="center"><span style="width: 8.8162ptpx;"><svg height="8.8423pt" id="M64" style="vertical-align:-0.2064009pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 8.8162 8.8423" width="8.8162pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M645 631C614 643 545 666 457 666C215 666 23 519 23 283C23 90 158 -16 337 -16C412 -16 489 2 522 10C543 39 590 127 606 167L580 181C519 89 459 18 348 18C201 18 122 136 122 287C122 464 244 632 435 632C544 632 602 595 608 472L639 475C643 526 645 581 645 631Z" id="g113-68"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="668" vert-adv-y="668"></glyph.data></g></svg></span></td><td align="center"><span style="width: 12.8091ptpx;"><svg height="8.8423pt" id="M65" style="vertical-align:-0.2064009pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 12.8091 8.8423" width="12.8091pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M962 650H739L732 622L760 619C812 613 819 604 798 552C760 457 671 267 606 131H604L511 638H480L237 131H233L183 554C177 607 183 614 226 619L248 622L257 650H24L17 622C88 615 92 611 103 524L173 -11H203L450 491H453L543 -11H575L839 529C882 609 886 613 953 622L962 650Z" id="g113-88"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="974" vert-adv-y="974"></glyph.data></g></svg></span></td><td align="center">pH</td><td align="center"><svg height="9.39034pt" id="M66" style="vertical-align:-3.42943pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -5.96091 11.1489 9.39034" width="11.1489pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M516 277C516 378 460 448 376 448C335 448 288 434 240 401C158 345 127 277 107 159C53 -161 38 -221 23 -247L28 -261C43 -260 95 -250 114 -226C122 -216 129 -199 146 -75C152 -29 157 0 164 31C182 9 206 -12 237 -12C267 -12 325 8 376 46C451 102 516 179 516 277ZM432 259C432 134 366 40 259 40C236 40 204 48 171 76L195 203C219 327 253 400 326 400C398 400 432 336 432 259Z" id="g113-239"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="539" vert-adv-y="539"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,6.162,3.132)"><path d="M460 334C460 396 434 451 378 451C330 451 241 408 148 300H146L237 679C241 697 241 710 232 710C213 710 153 684 67 675L66 646H95C141 646 145 642 134 595L39 170C23 97 31 54 46 33C64 8 100 -12 137 -12C178 -12 234 3 298 43C391 101 460 222 460 334ZM371 320C371 204 316 89 248 51C230 41 208 37 192 37C143 37 102 72 119 166C124 194 129 215 135 235C202 323 298 392 335 392C353 392 371 372 371 320Z" id="g50-99"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="478" vert-adv-y="478"></glyph.data></g></svg> (g/cm<sup>3</sup>)</td><td align="center">Rs (%)</td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="9"><hr /></td></tr><tr><td align="left">1</td><td align="center">0.17801</td><td align="center">0.065</td><td align="center">0.155</td><td align="center">0.00199</td><td align="center">0.6</td><td align="center">5.68</td><td align="center">0.393</td><td align="center">4.98</td></tr><tr><td align="left">2</td><td align="center">0.15625</td><td align="center">0.057</td><td align="center">0.135</td><td align="center">0.00175</td><td align="center">0.65</td><td align="center">5.47</td><td align="center">0.39</td><td align="center">10</td></tr><tr><td align="left">3</td><td align="center">0.13352</td><td align="center">0.047</td><td align="center">0.118</td><td align="center">0.00148</td><td align="center">0.7</td><td align="center">5.77</td><td align="center">0.531</td><td align="center">23.06</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="9"><hr class="tbody-hr" /></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></div></div>

Table 4 | Mixture Design Approach on the Physical Properties of Lignin-Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Xerogels

title

Table 4: Mixture Design Approach on the Physical Properties of Lignin-Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Xerogels

description

Table 4

About this journal

<p><em>International Journal of Polymer Science </em>publishes research on the chemistry and physics of macromolecules, including the synthesis and characterisation of polymeric materials and polymerisation processes, both theoretical and experimental.</p>


Journal profile

Meet the editorial board

<p><em>International Journal of Polymer Science</em> maintains an Editorial Board of practicing researchers from around the world, to ensure manuscripts are handled by editors expert and up-to-date in the field of study.</p>


Editor spotlight

Submit to Special Issue

We currently have a number of Special Issues open for submission. Special Issues highlight emerging areas of research within a field, or provide a venue for a deeper investigation into an existing research area.