Preparation and In Vitro Release of Drug-Loaded Microparticles for Oral Delivery Using Wholegrain Sorghum Kafirin Protein

Table 2

Drug loading, loading efficiency, and prednisolone release (mean ± SEM, ) of prednisolone-loaded kafirin microparticles prepared using kafirin extracted from wholegrain flour of sorghum cultivars with white grains (Liberty) and red grains (MR Buster).

Kafirin source	Kafirin from raw white grain flour	Kafirin from raw red grain flour	Kafirin from cooked red grain flour
Prednisolone loading into kafirin microparticles
Prednisolone loading (%)	18.78 ± 0.31^a	12.95 ± 2.03^ab	7.73 ± 0.85^b
Loading efficiency (%)	42.76 ± 0.70^a	29.48 ± 4.63^ab	17.60 ± 1.93^b
Prednisolone release from kafirin microparticles in simulated gastric and small intestinal conditions
Prednisolone release in the presence of enzymes (%)	15.04 ± 0.61^a	15.17 ± 2.33^a	15.41 ± 1.60^a
Prednisolone release in the absence of enzymes (%)	15.18 ± 0.69^a	16.68 ± 5.11^a	27.18 ± 4.41^a

Values within a row (two rows for prednisolone release) with different superscript letters are significantly different (p < 0.05).