Influence of Natural Fillers on Thermal and Mechanical Properties and Surface Morphology of Cellulose Acetate-Based Biocomposites

Table 5

Density and mechanical properties of biocomposites prepared from white willow.

Type of filler			Median	Min	Max
Density (g/cm^3)
Neat CA	10		1.23	1.10	1.27
Extracted wood	10	^a	0.83	0.78	0.93
Holocellulose	10	^a	0.86	0.81	0.95
Alpha cellulose	10	^a	0.85	0.82	0.91
Tensile strength (MPa)
Neat CA	10		66.67	49.02	75.50
Extracted wood	10	^a	27.30	24.00	31.14
Holocellulose	10	^a	31.55	27.72	35.90
Alpha cellulose	10	^a	29.88	25.29	34.52
Tensile modulus (GPa)
Neat CA	10		2.23	2.19	2.51
Extracted wood	10	^a	1.21	1.15	1.36
Holocellulose	10	^b	1.37	1.22	1.60
Alpha cellulose	10	^ab	1.29	1.24	1.39
Elongation at break (%)
Neat CA	10		7.04	4.37	9.83
Extracted wood	10	^a	5.25	4.35	7.23
Holocellulose	10	^a	5.20	4.31	6.01
Alpha cellulose	10	^a	5.11	4.18	6.07

Note: means sharing the same superscript are not significantly different from each other (Tukey’s HSD, ).