Synthesis of Cationic Waterborne Polyurethanes from Waste Frying Oil as Antibacterial Film Coatings

Table 7

Bacterial reduction of Gram-positive bacteria S. aureus and Gram-negative bacteria E. coli after incubation with cationic waterborne polyurethane (CWPU) films for 0, 3, 6, and 24 h evaluated by the shaking flask method.

Sample	Bacterial reduction (%)
	Gram-positive bacteria S. aureus				Gram-negative bacteria E. coli
	0 h	3 h	6 h	24 h	0 h	3 h	6 h	24 h
CWPU-1	0				0
CWPU-2	0				0	^#	^#	^#
CWPU-3	0				0	^†	^†	^†
Control^a	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0

^aPolyurethane sample without BHMAC. ,#,† indicates significant difference at the 0.05 level ().